Genesis 26:18

וַיָּ֨שָׁב יִצְחָ֜ק וַיַּחְפֹּ֣ר אֶת־בְּאֵרֹ֣ת הַמַּ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֤ר חָֽפְרוּ֙ בִּימֵי֙ אַבְרָהָ֣ם אָבִ֔יו וַיְסַתְּמ֣וּם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י מֹ֣ות אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיִּקְרָ֤א לָהֶן֙ שֵׁמֹ֔ות כַּשֵּׁמֹ֕ת אֲשֶׁר־קָרָ֥א לָהֶ֖ן אָבִֽיו׃

And Yitsḥaq returned and dug again the wells of water that they had dug in the days of Avraham his father, which the Pelishtim had stopped up after the death of Avraham, and he called them by the names that his father had called them.

Morphology

1. וַיָּ֨שָׁב (Va-yashov) – Root: שׁוב (sh-v-b); Form: Qal, imperfect, 3ms with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he returned”; Notes: Indicates Yitsḥaq’s action of returning to a former location or task.
2. יִצְחָ֜ק (Yitsḥaq) – Root: יצחק (y-ts-ḥ-q); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yitsḥaq”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
3. וַיַּחְפֹּ֣ר (Va-yaḥpor) – Root: חפר (ḥ-p-r); Form: Qal, imperfect, 3ms with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he dug”; Notes: Refers to the action of re-digging wells.
4. אֶת־בְּאֵרֹ֣ת (Et-be’erot) – Root: באר (b-ʾ-r); Form: Noun, feminine plural, definite; Translation: “The wells”; Notes: Refers to the wells of water dug previously.
5. הַמַּ֗יִם (Ha-mayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural, definite; Translation: “Of water”; Notes: Specifies the type of wells.
6. אֲשֶׁ֤ר חָֽפְרוּ֙ (Asher ḥafru) – Root: חפר (ḥ-p-r); Form: Qal, perfect, 3mp; Translation: “That they had dug”; Notes: Refers to wells originally excavated by others.
7. בִּימֵי֙ (Bi-yemei) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural, construct; Translation: “In the days of”; Notes: Indicates the time period referenced.
8. אַבְרָהָ֣ם (Avraham) – Root: אברהם (ʾ-v-r-h-m); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Avraham”; Notes: The father of Yitsḥaq.
9. אָבִ֔יו (Aviv) – Root: אב (ʾ-v); Form: Noun, masculine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “His father”; Notes: Refers to Avraham as Yitsḥaq’s father.
10. וַיְסַתְּמ֣וּם (Va-yisattmum) – Root: סתם (s-t-m); Form: Piel, imperfect, 3mp with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And they stopped them up”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines’ actions of blocking the wells.
11. פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשׁת (p-l-sh-t); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “Philistines”; Notes: The agents responsible for blocking the wells.
12. אַחֲרֵ֖י (Acharei) – Root: אחר (ʾ-ḥ-r); Form: Preposition; Translation: “After”; Notes: Indicates timing relative to Avraham’s death.
13. מֹ֣ות (Mot) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Death”; Notes: Refers to the event of Avraham’s passing.
14. וַיִּקְרָ֤א (Va-yikra) – Root: קרא (q-r-ʾ); Form: Qal, imperfect, 3ms with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he called”; Notes: Refers to Yitsḥaq naming the wells.
15. לָהֶן֙ (La-hen) – Root: הם (h-m); Form: Preposition + pronoun, 3fp; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers to the wells.
16. שֵׁמֹ֔ות (Shemot) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Names”; Notes: Refers to the names assigned to the wells.
17. כַשֵּׁמֹ֕ת (Ka-shemot) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural; Translation: “As the names”; Notes: Indicates continuity in naming.
18. אֲשֶׁר־קָרָ֥א (Asher-qara) – Root: קרא (q-r-ʾ); Form: Qal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “That he had called”; Notes: Refers to Avraham’s previous naming of the wells.
19. לָהֶ֖ן (La-hen) – Root: הם (h-m); Form: Preposition + pronoun, 3fp; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers again to the wells that Avraham had named.
20. אָבִֽיו (Aviv) – Root: אב (ʾ-v); Form: Noun, masculine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “His father”; Notes: Refers to Avraham as the one who originally named the wells.

Morphological Analysis 

1. וַיָּ֨שָׁב (vayyāšāv) – Root: שוב, Form: Wayyiqtol (3ms, sequential past tense), Translation: “and he returned”

Contextual notes: Indicates movement back to a previous location.

2. יִצְחָ֜ק (yiṣḥāq) – Root: צחק, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Isaac”

3. וַיַּחְפֹּ֣ר (vayyaḥpōr) – Root: חפר, Form: Wayyiqtol (3ms, sequential past tense), Translation: “and he dug”

Usage notes: Refers to the act of re-digging previously existing wells.

4. אֶת־ (ʾet-) – Root: את, Form: Direct object marker, Translation: “the”

5. בְּאֵרֹ֣ת (bəʾērōt) – Root: באר, Form: Noun (feminine plural), Translation: “wells”

6. הַמַּ֗יִם (hamma­yim) – Root: מים, Form: Noun with definite article, Translation: “of water”

7. אֲשֶׁ֤ר (ʾăšer) – Root: אשר, Form: Relative pronoun, Translation: “that”

8. חָֽפְרוּ֙ (ḥāfəru) – Root: חפר, Form: Qal perfect (3mp), Translation: “they had dug”

9. בִּימֵי֙ (bimē) – Root: יום, Form: Noun (plural construct) with prefix בְּ (in), Translation: “in the days of”

Parsing details: Masculine plural construct.

10. אַבְרָהָ֣ם (ʾaḇrāhām) – Root: אברהם, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Abraham”

11. אָבִ֔יו (ʾāviw) – Root: אב, Form: Noun with pronominal suffix (3ms), Translation: “his father”

12. וַיְסַתְּמ֣וּם (vayyəsattəmum) – Root: סתם, Form: Wayyiqtol (3mp, sequential past tense) with pronominal suffix (3mp), Translation: “and they stopped them”

13. פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (pəlištīm) – Root: פלשׁת, Form: Proper noun (plural), Translation: “Philistines”

14. אַחֲרֵ֖י (ʾaḥărē) – Root: אחר, Form: Preposition, Translation: “after”

15. מֹ֣ות (mōt) – Root: מות, Form: Noun, Translation: “the death of”

16. אַבְרָהָ֑ם (ʾaḇrāhām) – Root: אברהם, Form: Proper noun, Translation: “Abraham”

17. וַיִּקְרָ֤א (vayyiqrā) – Root: קרא, Form: Wayyiqtol (3ms, sequential past tense), Translation: “and he called”

18. לָהֶן֙ (lāhen) – Root: ל, Form: Preposition with pronominal suffix (3fp), Translation: “them”

19. שֵׁמֹ֔ות (šēmōt) – Root: שם, Form: Noun (plural), Translation: “names”

20. כַּשֵּׁמֹ֕ת (kaššēmōt) – Root: שם, Form: Noun (plural) with prefix כְּ (like/as), Translation: “like the names”

21. אֲשֶׁר־ (ʾăšer-) – Root: אשר, Form: Relative pronoun, Translation: “that”

22. קָרָ֥א (qārā) – Root: קרא, Form: Qal perfect (3ms), Translation: “he had called”

23. לָהֶ֖ן (lāhen) – Root: ל, Form: Preposition with pronominal suffix (3fp), Translation: “them”

24. אָבִֽיו (ʾāviw) – Root: אב, Form: Noun with pronominal suffix (3ms), Translation: “his father”