וּמֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל וִֽיהֹושָׁפָ֣ט מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֡ה יֹשְׁבִים֩ אִ֨ישׁ עַל־כִּסְאֹ֜ו מְלֻבָּשִׁ֤ים בְּגָדִים֙ בְּגֹ֔רֶן פֶּ֖תַח שַׁ֣עַר שֹׁמְרֹ֑ון וְכָ֨ל־הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים מִֽתְנַבְּאִ֖ים לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃
And the king of Yisraʾel and Yehoshafat king of Yehuda were sitting, each on his throne, clothed in robes, at a threshing floor at the entrance of the gate of Shomeron; and all the prophets were prophesying before them.
Morphology
- וּמֶלֶךְ (u-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “And the king”; Notes: Begins a new narrative scene.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to Aḥav, king of the northern kingdom.
- וִיהֹושָׁפָט (vi-Yehoshafat) – Root: יהושפט (Yehoshafat); Form: Conjunction + proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “and Yehoshafat”; Notes: King of Yehudah, allied with Aḥav.
- מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה (melekh-Yehudah) – Root: מלך (melekh), יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Construct chain; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Title of Yehoshafat.
- יֹשְׁבִים (yoshevim) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “sitting”; Notes: Describes both kings in a formal posture.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “each one”; Notes: Used distributively for “each.”
- עַל־כִּסְאֹו (ʿal-kisʾo) – Root: כסא (kisseʾ); Form: Preposition עַל + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “on his throne”; Notes: Symbol of royal authority.
- מְלֻבָּשִׁים (melubbashim) – Root: לבשׁ (lavash); Form: Pual participle masculine plural; Translation: “clothed”; Notes: Indicates their royal attire.
- בְּגָדִים (begadim) – Root: בגד (beged); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “robes” or “garments”; Notes: Likely ceremonial or official clothing.
- בְּגֹרֶן (be-goren) – Root: גרן (goren); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “at a threshing floor”; Notes: Unusual location, possibly used as a public space.
- פֶּתַח (petach) – Root: פתח (pataḥ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “entrance”; Notes: Refers to the opening of the city gate.
- שַׁעַר (shaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Noun masculine singular in construct; Translation: “gate of”; Notes: City gate as the civic or judicial center.
- שֹׁמְרֹון (Shomeron) – Root: שׁמרון (Shomeron); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shomeron”; Notes: Capital city of the northern kingdom.
- וְכָל־הַנְּבִיאִים (ve-khol ha-neviʾim) – Root: כל (kol), נבא (naviʾ); Form: Conjunction + noun + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “and all the prophets”; Notes: Refers to the assembled prophetic voices.
- מִתְנַבְּאִים (mitnabbeʾim) – Root: נבא (navaʾ); Form: Hitpael participle masculine plural; Translation: “prophesying”; Notes: Reflexive form; performing prophecy in their presence.
- לִפְנֵיהֶם (lifneihem) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “before them”; Notes: Indicates the kings were the audience of the prophetic acts.