אֱמֹ֕ר אֶל־זְרֻבָּבֶ֥ל פַּֽחַת־יְהוּדָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר אֲנִ֣י מַרְעִ֔ישׁ אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וְאֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
“Say to Zerubbavel, governor of Yehuda, saying: ‘I am shaking the heavens and the earth.
Morphology
- אֱמֹר (emor) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal imperative 2ms; Translation: “Say”; Notes: Direct command from YHWH to the prophet.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Preposition אֶל; Translation: “to”; Notes: Introduces the addressee of the command.
- זְרֻבָּבֶל (Zerubbavel) – Root: זרב (z-r-b); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Zerubbavel”; Notes: Leader of the returned community, descendant of Dawid.
- פַּחַת־ (pachat) – Root: פחת (p-ḥ-t); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “governor (of)”; Notes: A Persian administrative title for a provincial governor.
- יְהוּדָה (Yehudah) – Root: ידה (y-d-h); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: The province in which Zerubbavel governs.
- לֵאמֹר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces the content of the message.
- אֲנִי (ani) – Root: אני (ʾ-n-y); Form: Independent personal pronoun 1cs; Translation: “I”; Notes: YHWH speaks in the first person.
- מַרְעִישׁ (marʿish) – Root: רעשׁ (r-ʿ-sh); Form: Hiphil participle masculine singular; Translation: “am shaking”; Notes: Indicates ongoing or imminent cosmic upheaval.
- אֶת־ (et) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the following noun as the object of the verb.
- הַשָּׁמַיִם (ha-shamayim) – Root: שׁמה (sh-m-h); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the heavens”; Notes: Part of the cosmic pair affected by YHWH’s action.
- וְאֶת־ (ve-et) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Conjunction וְ + direct object marker; Translation: “and”; Notes: Connects the paired objects of the verb.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-arets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Completes the cosmic sphere shaken by YHWH.