וַיִּשְׁמְע֣וּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּט֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁפַ֣ט הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מִפְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּ֣י רָא֔וּ כִּֽי־חָכְמַ֧ת אֱלֹהִ֛ים בְּקִרְבֹּ֖ו לַעֲשֹׂ֥ות מִשְׁפָּֽט׃ ס
And all Yisraʾel heard of the judgment that the king had rendered, and they feared before the king, for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him to do justice.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁמְע֣וּ (vayyishmeʿu) – Root: שמע; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3mp; Translation: “And they heard”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (khol-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Noun, proper name with quantifier; Translation: “all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Collective subject.
- אֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּט֙ (et-ha-mishpat) – Root: שפט; Form: Direct object marker + noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the judgment”; Notes: Object of the verb “heard.”
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- שָׁפַ֣ט (shafat) – Root: שפט; Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “he judged”; Notes: Refers to the king’s decision.
- הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Subject of the relative clause; refers to Shelomoh.
- וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ (vayyirʾu) – Root: ירא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3mp; Translation: “and they feared”; Notes: Conveys reverence and awe.
- מִפְּנֵ֣י (mippenei) – Root: פנה; Form: Preposition + construct noun, masculine plural; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates fear/respect before the king’s presence.
- הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Form: As above; Translation: “the king”
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason for their fear.
- רָא֔וּ (raʾu) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal perfect 3mp; Translation: “they saw”; Notes: Perception or realization.
- כִּֽי־חָכְמַ֧ת (ki-ḥokhmat) – Root: חכם; Form: Conjunction + construct noun, feminine singular; Translation: “that the wisdom of”; Notes: Introduces content of what was perceived.
- אֱלֹהִ֛ים (Elohim) – Root: אלה; Form: Noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning); Translation: “God”; Notes: Indicates divine source of Shelomoh’s wisdom.
- בְּקִרְבֹּ֖ו (be-qirbo) – Root: קרב; Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “within him”; Notes: Locative phrase showing possession of divine wisdom.
- לַעֲשֹׂ֥ות (laʿasot) – Root: עשה; Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Purpose clause.
- מִשְׁפָּֽט (mishpat) – Root: שפט; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “justice”; Notes: Refers to legal and moral judgment.