אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יֶחֱטָ֥א אִישׁ֙ לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וְנָֽשָׁא־בֹ֥ו אָלָ֖ה לְהַֽאֲלֹתֹ֑ו וּבָ֗א אָלָ֛ה לִפְנֵ֥י מִֽזְבַּחֲךָ֖ בַּבַּ֥יִת הַזֶּֽה׃
If a man sins against his fellow, and he is made to bear a curse, to cause him to swear, and the oath comes before Your altar in this house,
Morphology
- אֵת (et) – Root: את; Form: Particle introducing the object (in elliptical or poetic usage); Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks the object or introduces a conditional clause here.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that / if”; Notes: Introduces the conditional clause.
- יֶחֱטָ֥א (yeḥeṭa) – Root: חטא; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he sins”; Notes: Refers to committing a wrong or offense.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש; Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
- לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ (le-reʿehu) – Root: רעע; Form: Preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against his fellow”; Notes: The one wronged.
- וְנָשָׁא־בֹ֥ו (ve-nasa-vo) – Root: נשא; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and he is made to bear it”; Notes: Possibly reflexive/middle—he bears the consequence (i.e., the oath).
- אָלָ֖ה (ʾalah) – Root: אלה; Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “an oath / a curse”; Notes: Refers to a judicial or religious declaration under penalty.
- לְהַֽאֲלֹתֹ֑ו (lehaʾaloto) – Root: אלה; Form: Preposition + Hifil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to cause him to swear”; Notes: Legal context—compelled to make an oath in court or before God.
- וּבָ֗א (uva) – Root: בוא; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it comes”; Notes: Refers to the oath being brought forward or into the sanctuary.
- אָלָ֛ה (ʾalah) – Root: אלה; Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “the oath / curse”; Notes: Subject of the verb “comes.”
- לִפְנֵ֥י (lifnei) – Root: פנים; Form: Preposition + masculine plural construct noun; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates presence before someone or something.
- מִזְבַּחֲךָ (mizbeaḥekha) – Root: זבח; Form: Masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your altar”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s altar in the Temple.
- בַּבַּ֥יִת (ba-bayit) – Root: בית; Form: Preposition + definite masculine singular noun; Translation: “in the house”; Notes: Refers to the Temple.
- הַזֶּֽה (hazzeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies which house (i.e., the newly dedicated Temple).