בִּשְׁנַ֨ת הַתְּשִׁיעִ֜ית לְהֹושֵׁ֗עַ לָכַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ אֶת־שֹׁ֣מְרֹ֔ון וַיֶּ֥גֶל אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אַשּׁ֑וּרָה וַיֹּ֨שֶׁב אֹתָ֜ם בַּחְלַ֧ח וּבְחָבֹ֛ור נְהַ֥ר גֹּוזָ֖ן וְעָרֵ֥י מָדָֽי׃ פ
In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Ashshur captured Shomeron, and he exiled Yisraʾel to Ashshur and settled them in Ḥelaḥ and in Ḥavor, the river of Gozan, and the cities of Madai.
Morphology
- בִּשְׁנַת (bi-shenat) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Preposition בְּ + construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “In the year of”; Notes: Temporal marker for a regnal year.
- הַתְּשִׁיעִית (ha-teshiʿit) – Root: תשע (teshaʿ); Form: Ordinal adjective feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the ninth”; Notes: Agrees in gender with “year.”
- לְהֹושֵׁעַ (le-Hoshea) – Root: ישע (Hoshea); Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun; Translation: “of Hoshea”; Notes: Identifies the king whose reign the year refers to.
- לָכַד (lakhad) – Root: לכד (lakhad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “captured”; Notes: Refers to military conquest of the city.
- מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר (melekh-Ashshur) – Root: מלך (melekh) + אשׁור (Ashshur); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “king of Ashshur”; Notes: The Assyrian ruler acting in the verse.
- אֶת־שֹׁמְרֹון (et-Shomeron) – Root: שׁמרון (Shomeron); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Shomeron”; Notes: The capital of the northern kingdom Yisraʾel.
- וַיֶּגֶל (va-yegel) – Root: גלה (galah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he exiled”; Notes: Refers to forced deportation of a population.
- אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל (et-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The northern kingdom’s population.
- אַשּׁוּרָה (Ashshurah) – Root: אשׁור (Ashshur); Form: Proper noun with directional suffix (locative ה); Translation: “to Ashshur”; Notes: Denotes movement or exile toward Assyria.
- וַיֹּשֶׁב (va-yoshev) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he settled”; Notes: Causative form—he caused them to dwell.
- אֹתָם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the exiled Israelites.
- בַּחְלַח (ba-Ḥelaḥ) – Root: Foreign place name; Form: Preposition בְּ + proper noun with definite article; Translation: “in Ḥelaḥ”; Notes: A region in Assyria.
- וּבְחָבֹור (u-ve-Ḥavor) – Root: Foreign place name; Form: Conjunction + preposition בְּ + proper noun; Translation: “and in Ḥavor”; Notes: Another location of exile near the river Gozan.
- נְהַר גֹּוזָן (nehar Gozan) – Root: נהר (nahar) + גוזן (Gozan); Form: Noun + proper noun; Translation: “the river of Gozan”; Notes: Gozan was a major region in northern Mesopotamia.
- וְעָרֵי מָדָי (ve-ʿarei Madai) – Root: עיר (ʿir) + מדי (Madai); Form: Conjunction + construct plural + proper noun; Translation: “and the cities of Madai”; Notes: Madai refers to Media, in the Iranian plateau.