אוּלַ֡י יִשְׁמַע֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ אֵ֣ת כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֣י רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה אֲשֶׁר֩ שְׁלָחֹ֨ו מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֤וּר אֲדֹנָיו֙ לְחָרֵף֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים חַ֔י וְהֹוכִ֨יחַ֙ בַּדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁמַ֖ע יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ וְנָשָׂ֣אתָ תְפִלָּ֔ה בְּעַ֥ד הַשְּׁאֵרִ֖ית הַנִּמְצָאָֽה׃
Perhaps YHWH your God will hear all the words of Rav-shaqe, whom the king of Ashshur his master has sent to reproach the living God, and He will rebuke the words which YHWH your God has heard, and you will lift up prayer for the remnant that is found.
Morphology
- אוּלַ֡י (ʾulay) – Root: Uncertain; Form: Adverb; Translation: “Perhaps”; Notes: Expresses hope or uncertainty, introducing a plea.
- יִשְׁמַע֩ (yishmaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will hear”; Notes: Expresses future possibility regarding divine response.
- יְהוָ֨ה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ (ʾElohekha) – Root: אלוה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Addressed to Yeshaʿyahu or a righteous leader.
- אֵ֣ת (et) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Definite direct object marker; Translation: [no English translation]; Notes: Marks the object “words.”
- כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֣י (kol-divrei) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “all the words of”; Notes: Refers to the blasphemous speech of Rav-shaqeh.
- רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה (Rav-shaqeh) – Root: Compound title; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Rav-shaqeh”; Notes: An Assyrian official, likely a high-ranking military commander or chief cupbearer.
- אֲשֶׁר֩ (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause modifying Rav-shaqeh.
- שְׁלָחֹ֨ו (shelaḥo) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “he has sent him”; Notes: Refers to the king of Ashshur sending Rav-shaqeh.
- מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֤וּר (melekh-Ashshur) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Construct noun masculine singular + proper noun; Translation: “king of Ashshur”; Notes: Refers to the Assyrian monarch.
- אֲדֹנָיו֙ (adonayv) – Root: אדון (adon); Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his master”; Notes: Identifies the Assyrian king as Rav-shaqeh’s superior.
- לְחָרֵף֙ (le-ḥaref) – Root: חרף (ḥaraf); Form: Preposition לְ + Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “to reproach”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the message—blasphemy against God.
- אֱלֹהִ֣ים (ʾElohim) – Root: אלוה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Refers to the true God of Yisraʾel.
- חַ֔י (ḥai) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “living”; Notes: Contrasts the living God with the lifeless idols of the nations.
- וְהֹוכִ֨יחַ֙ (ve-hokhiaḥ) – Root: יכח (yakhaḥ); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He will rebuke”; Notes: Indicates hoped-for divine intervention.
- בַּדְּבָרִ֔ים (ba-devarim) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the words”; Notes: Refers to the blasphemies spoken.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Modifies “the words.”
- שָׁמַ֖ע (shamaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He has heard”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s awareness of the offense.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes divine attention.
- אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ (ʾElohekha) – Root: אלוה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Final appeal to personal relationship with YHWH.
- וְנָשָׂ֣אתָ (ve-nasata) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and you will lift up”; Notes: Call to prayer from the prophet or intercessor.
- תְפִלָּ֔ה (tefillah) – Root: פלל (palal); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “prayer”; Notes: Central act of petition to YHWH.
- בְּעַ֥ד (beʿad) – Root: בעד (beʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “on behalf of”; Notes: Intercession for others, especially the vulnerable remnant.
- הַשְּׁאֵרִ֖ית (ha-sheʾerit) – Root: שאר (shaʾar); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the remnant”; Notes: Those who survive destruction; the faithful few.
- הַנִּמְצָאָֽה (ha-nimtzaʾah) – Root: מצא (matzaʾ); Form: Nifal participle feminine singular; Translation: “that is found”; Notes: Emphasizes those who yet remain amid crisis.