עַד־מָתַ֗י לָעֵדָ֤ה הָֽרָעָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥מָּה מַלִּינִ֖ים עָלָ֑י אֶת־תְּלֻנֹּ֞ות בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֧מָּה מַלִּינִ֛ים עָלַ֖י שָׁמָֽעְתִּי׃
“How long shall I bear with this evil congregation who are murmuring against Me? I have heard the murmurings of the children of Yisra’el, which they are murmuring against Me.
Morphology
- עַד־מָתַ֗י (ʿad-matay) – Root: מת (m-t); Form: Preposition + interrogative pronoun; Translation: “How long”; Notes: Expresses impatience or a rhetorical question.
- לָעֵדָ֤ה (la-ʿedah) – Root: עדה (ʿ-d-h); Form: Preposition + definite article + singular noun; Translation: “To the congregation”; Notes: Refers to the collective group of people.
- הָֽרָעָה֙ (ha-raʿah) – Root: רעע (r-ʿ-ʿ); Form: Definite adjective feminine singular; Translation: “The evil”; Notes: Describes the congregation negatively.
- הַזֹּ֔את (ha-zot) – Root: זה (z-h); Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “This”; Notes: Refers back to the congregation.
- אֲשֶׁ֛ר (asher) – Root: Relative particle; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- הֵ֥מָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם (h-m); Form: Pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “They”; Notes: Refers to the congregation.
- מַלִּינִ֖ים (mallinim) – Root: לין (l-y-n); Form: Hifil participle masculine plural; Translation: “Murmuring”; Notes: Indicates ongoing complaint or rebellion.
- עָלָ֑י (ʿalay) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “Against Me”; Notes: Indicates the target of the complaints.
- אֶת־תְּלֻנֹּ֞ות (et-telunot) – Root: לון (l-w-n); Form: Definite direct object marker + plural noun; Translation: “The murmurings”; Notes: Refers to the specific complaints of the people.
- בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (benei Yisra’el) – Root: בן (b-n) + Proper noun; Form: Construct plural noun + proper noun; Translation: “The children of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite people.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: Relative particle; Translation: “Which”; Notes: Connects the relative clause.
- הֵ֧מָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם (h-m); Form: Pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “They”; Notes: Reiterates the subject.
- מַלִּינִ֛ים (mallinim) – Root: לין (l-y-n); Form: Hifil participle masculine plural; Translation: “Murmuring”; Notes: Indicates repeated complaints.
- עָלַ֖י (ʿalay) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “Against Me”; Notes: Repeats the target of the complaints.
- שָׁמָֽעְתִּי (shamaʿti) – Root: שמע (sh-m-ʿ); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have heard”; Notes: Indicates completed action of hearing.