כֹּ֣ה אָמְר֞וּ כֹּ֣ל עֲדַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה מָֽה־הַמַּ֤עַל הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר מְעַלְתֶּם֙ בֵּאלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לָשׁ֣וּב הַיֹּ֔ום מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה בִּבְנֹֽותְכֶ֤ם לָכֶם֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לִמְרָדְכֶ֥ם הַיֹּ֖ום בַּיהוָֽה׃
“Thus has said the whole assembly of YHWH: What is this trespass that you have committed against the God of Yisraʾel, to turn away this day from following YHWH, in your building for yourselves an altar, to rebel this day against YHWH?
Morphology
- כֹּ֣ה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Thus”; Notes: Introduces a direct speech formula.
- אָמְר֞וּ (ʾamru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have said”; Notes: Describes past speech.
- כֹּ֣ל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Expresses totality.
- עֲדַ֣ת (ʿadat) – Root: עדה (ʿedah); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “assembly of”; Notes: Refers to the gathered community.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.
- מָֽה־הַמַּ֤עַל (mah-ha-maʿal) – Root: מעל (maʿal); Form: Interrogative pronoun + noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “What is this trespass”; Notes: Expresses accusation.
- הַזֶּה֙ (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Points to the specific action.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- מְעַלְתֶּם֙ (meʿaltem) – Root: מעל (maʿal); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you have committed a trespass”; Notes: Refers to an act of unfaithfulness.
- בֵּאלֹהֵ֣י (be-Elohei) – Root: אלהים (ʾElohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “against the God of”; Notes: Refers to the divine.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Identifies the people.
- לָשׁ֣וּב (lashuv) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition ל; Translation: “to turn away”; Notes: Expresses an act of desertion.
- הַיֹּ֔ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “this day”; Notes: Specifies immediacy.
- מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י (me-aḥarei) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “from following”; Notes: Indicates separation.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.
- בִּבְנֹֽותְכֶ֤ם (bivnotkhem) – Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in your building”; Notes: Refers to their construction.
- לָכֶם֙ (lakhem) – Root: לכם (lakhem); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for yourselves”; Notes: Indicates personal involvement.
- מִזְבֵּ֔חַ (mizbeaḥ) – Root: מזבח (mizbeaḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “an altar”; Notes: The object of concern.
- לִמְרָדְכֶ֥ם (limrodkhem) – Root: מרד (marad); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition ל + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to your rebellion”; Notes: Expresses opposition.
- הַיֹּ֖ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “this day”; Notes: Reinforces urgency.
- בַּיהוָֽה (ba-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun with preposition ב; Translation: “against YHWH”; Notes: Indicates the rebellion’s target.