וְעַתָּ֗ה קְרָ֨א נָ֜א בְּאָזְנֵ֤י הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מִֽי־יָרֵ֣א וְחָרֵ֔ד יָשֹׁ֥ב וְיִצְפֹּ֖ר מֵהַ֣ר הַגִּלְעָ֑ד וַיָּ֣שָׁב מִן־הָעָ֗ם עֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּשְׁנַ֨יִם֙ אֶ֔לֶף וַעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת אֲלָפִ֖ים נִשְׁאָֽרוּ׃ ס
And now, call out in the ears of the people, saying, ‘Whoever is fearful and trembling, let him return and depart from Mount Gileʿad.’” And twenty-two thousand of the people returned, and ten thousand remained.
Morphology
- וְעַתָּ֗ה (ve-ʿattah) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Indicates a present instruction.
- קְרָ֨א (qera) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Call out”; Notes: A command to Gidʿon.
- נָ֜א (na) – Root: (no root); Form: Particle; Translation: “please”; Notes: Used to make a request.
- בְּאָזְנֵ֤י (be-oznei) – Root: אוזן (ʾozen); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “in the ears of”; Notes: Specifies an audience.
- הָעָם֙ (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite army.
- לֵאמֹ֔ר (lemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- מִֽי־יָרֵ֣א (mi-yare) – Root: ירא (yare); Form: Interrogative + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Whoever is fearful”; Notes: Identifies those afraid.
- וְחָרֵ֔ד (ve-ḥared) – Root: חרד (ḥarad); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “and trembling”; Notes: Describes physical fear.
- יָשֹׁ֥ב (yashov) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “let him return”; Notes: Permission to leave.
- וְיִצְפֹּ֖ר (ve-yitspor) – Root: צפר (tsapar); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and depart”; Notes: Alternative action of withdrawing.
- מֵהַ֣ר הַגִּלְעָ֑ד (me-har ha-Gilʿad) – Root: הר (har) + גלעד (Gilʿad); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “from Mount Gilʿad”; Notes: Geographic location.
- וַיָּ֣שָׁב (va-yashav) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he returned”; Notes: Indicates action of withdrawal.
- מִן־הָעָ֗ם (min-ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “from the people”; Notes: Specifies those leaving.
- עֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּשְׁנַ֨יִם֙ אֶ֔לֶף (esrim u-shenayim elef) – Root: (numerals); Form: Number phrase; Translation: “twenty-two thousand”; Notes: Indicates the size of those leaving.
- וַעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת אֲלָפִ֖ים (va-ʿaseret alafim) – Root: (numerals); Form: Number phrase; Translation: “and ten thousand”; Notes: Number of those remaining.
- נִשְׁאָֽרוּ (nishʾaru) – Root: שאר (shaʾar); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “remained”; Notes: Indicates the remaining force.