וְעַתָּ֗ה אָבִי֙ הֶעְמִ֤יס עֲלֵיכֶם֙ עֹ֣ל כָּבֵ֔ד וַאֲנִ֖י אֹוסִ֣יף עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשֹּׁוטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃
And now, my father loaded upon you a heavy yoke, but I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions.’”
Morphology
- וְעַתָּ֗ה (ve-ʿatta) – Root: עת (ʿ.t); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Introduces a shift or conclusion.
- אָבִי֙ (avi) – Root: אב (ʾ.v); Form: Noun + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my father”; Notes: Refers to Shelomoh.
- הֶעְמִ֤יס (heʿmis) – Root: עמס (ʿ.m.s); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “loaded”; Notes: Causative verb: “caused to bear a burden.”
- עֲלֵיכֶם֙ (ʿaleikhem) – Root: על (ʿ.l); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Target of the burden.
- עֹ֣ל (ʿol) – Root: עול (ʿ.w.l); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “yoke”; Notes: Symbol of labor or oppression.
- כָּבֵ֔ד (kaved) – Root: כבד (k.v.d); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “heavy”; Notes: Qualifies the yoke.
- וַאֲנִ֖י (va-ani) – Form: Conjunction + pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “but I”; Notes: Marks contrast between father and son.
- אֹוסִ֣יף (ʾosif) – Root: יסף (y.s.f); Form: Hifil imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will add”; Notes: Indicates intensification.
- עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם (ʿal-ʿullekhem) – Root: עול (ʿ.w.l); Form: Preposition + noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon your yoke”; Notes: Refers to worsening the burden.
- אָבִ֗י (avi) – Root: אב (ʾ.v); Form: Noun + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my father”; Notes: Repetition for contrast.
- יִסַּ֤ר (yissar) – Root: יסר (y.s.r); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “disciplined”; Notes: Emphatic form indicating chastisement.
- אֶתְכֶם֙ (etkhem) – Root: –; Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Object of the verb “disciplined.”
- בַּשֹּׁוטִ֔ים (ba-shotim) – Root: שוט (sh.u.ṭ); Form: Definite noun, masculine plural with preposition; Translation: “with whips”; Notes: Instrument of punishment.
- וַאֲנִ֕י (va-ani) – Form: Conjunction + pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “but I”; Notes: Further contrast.
- אֲיַסֵּ֥ר (ayasser) – Root: יסר (y.s.r); Form: Piel imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will discipline”; Notes: Same verb as earlier, but intensified.
- אֶתְכֶ֖ם (etkhem) – Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Object of “I will discipline.”
- בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים (ba-ʿaqrabim) – Root: עקרב (ʿ.q.r.b); Form: Definite noun, masculine plural with preposition; Translation: “with scorpions”; Notes: Metaphorical expression indicating severe punishment.