כִּֽי־נָסַ֨ךְ עֲלֵיכֶ֤ם יְהוָה֙ ר֣וּחַ תַּרְדֵּמָ֔ה וַיְעַצֵּ֖ם אֶת־עֵֽינֵיכֶ֑ם אֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֛ים וְאֶת־רָאשֵׁיכֶ֥ם הַחֹזִ֖ים כִּסָּֽה׃
For YHWH has poured out upon you a spirit of deep sleep, and He has shut your eyes—the prophets, and your heads, the seers, He has covered.
Morphology
- כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a causal or explanatory clause.
- נָסַ֨ךְ (nasakh) – Root: נסך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has poured out”; Notes: Used figuratively here of divine influence being poured out.
- עֲלֵיכֶ֤ם (ʿaleikhem) – Root: על; Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Directs the action toward the people addressed.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- ר֣וּחַ (ruaḥ) – Root: רוח; Form: Noun, feminine singular in construct; Translation: “spirit”; Notes: In construct with “deep sleep.”
- תַּרְדֵּמָ֔ה (tardemah) – Root: תרדם; Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “deep sleep”; Notes: Indicates a divinely induced unconsciousness or stupor.
- וַיְעַצֵּ֖ם (va-yaʿatsem) – Root: עצם; Form: Piel wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He has shut”; Notes: Expresses strong or deliberate closing.
- אֶת־עֵֽינֵיכֶ֑ם (et-ʿeineikhem) – Root: עין; Form: Definite direct object marker + noun feminine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your eyes”; Notes: Refers metaphorically to the capacity for spiritual vision.
- אֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֛ים (et-ha-neviʾim) – Root: נבא; Form: Definite direct object marker + noun masculine plural; Translation: “the prophets”; Notes: First object of the verb “He has covered.”
- וְאֶת־רָאשֵׁיכֶ֥ם (ve-et-rasheikhem) – Root: ראשׁ; Form: Conjunction + definite direct object marker + noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and your heads”; Notes: Refers to leaders or elders.
- הַחֹזִ֖ים (ha-ḥozim) – Root: חזה; Form: Definite article + participle masculine plural Qal; Translation: “the seers”; Notes: Apposition to “heads,” clarifying their prophetic function.
- כִּסָּֽה (kissa) – Root: כסה; Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He has covered”; Notes: Closes the sentence with a divine action of concealment.