Jeremiah 6:28

כֻּלָּם֙ סָרֵ֣י סֹֽורְרִ֔ים הֹלְכֵ֥י רָכִ֖יל נְחֹ֣שֶׁת וּבַרְזֶ֑ל כֻּלָּ֥ם מַשְׁחִיתִ֖ים הֵֽמָּה׃

All of them are the worst of rebels, walkers of slander, bronze and iron; they are all corrupters.

Morphology

1. כֻּלָּם (kullam) – Root: כלל; Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “all of them”; Notes: Emphatic totality.
2. סָרֵ֣י (sārei) – Root: סור; Form: Qal active participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “turning aside / defecting”; Notes: Construct with next word.
3. סֹֽורְרִ֔ים (sorerim) – Root: סור; Form: Qal active participle masculine plural absolute; Translation: “rebels / defiant ones”; Notes: Reinforces rebellious behavior.
4. הֹלְכֵ֥י (holekhei) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal active participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “walkers of”; Notes: Introduces associated behavior.
5. רָכִ֖יל (rākhil) – Root: רכל; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “slander / gossip”; Notes: Refers to talebearing or malicious speech.
6. נְחֹ֣שֶׁת (neḥoshet) – Root: נחש; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “bronze”; Notes: Symbolic of hardness or resistance.
7. וּבַרְזֶ֑ל (u-varzel) – Root: ברזל; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and iron”; Notes: Joined with the previous to indicate unyielding nature.
8. כֻּלָּ֥ם (kullam) – Root: כלל; Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “all of them”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
9. מַשְׁחִיתִ֖ים (mashḥitim) – Root: שחת; Form: Hiphil participle masculine plural; Translation: “corrupting / destroying”; Notes: Denotes active corruption.
10. הֵֽמָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם; Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Reinforces the subject and concludes the accusation.