וַֽיִּשְׁכְּח֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּמְכֹּ֣ר אֹתָ֡ם בְּיַ֣ד סִֽיסְרָא֩ שַׂר־צְבָ֨א חָצֹ֜ור וּבְיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וּבְיַד֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מֹואָ֔ב וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ בָּֽם׃
And they forgot YHWH their God, and He sold them into the hand of Sisera, commander of the army of Ḥatsor, and into the hand of the Pelishtim, and into the hand of the king of Moʾav, and they fought against them.
Morphology
- וַֽיִּשְׁכְּח֖וּ (vayyishkeḥu) – Root: שכח (shakaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they forgot”; Notes: Indicates a past event.
- אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה (et-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name with definite direct object marker; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of their forgetfulness.
- אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם (Eloheihem) – Root: אלהים (Elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their God”; Notes: Refers to the deity of Yisraʾel.
- וַיִּמְכֹּ֣ר (vayyimkor) – Root: מכר (makar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He sold”; Notes: Indicates divine action.
- אֹתָ֡ם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Definite direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel.
- בְּיַ֣ד (be-yad) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “into the hand of”; Notes: Indicates subjugation.
- סִֽיסְרָא֩ (Sisera) – Root: סיסרא (Sisera); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Sisera”; Notes: The Canaanite military leader.
- שַׂר־צְבָ֨א (sar-tzeva) – Root: שר (sar) + צבא (tzeva); Form: Construct phrase, noun masculine singular; Translation: “commander of the army of”; Notes: Military title.
- חָצֹ֜ור (Ḥatsor) – Root: חצור (Ḥatsor); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Ḥatsor”; Notes: A significant Canaanite city.
- וּבְיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים (u-ve-yad Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתים (Pelishtim); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and into the hand of the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- וּבְיַד֙ (u-ve-yad) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “and into the hand of”; Notes: Subjugation context.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ מֹואָ֔ב (melek Moʾav) – Root: מלך (melek) + מואב (Moʾav); Form: Noun construct phrase, masculine singular; Translation: “king of Moʾav”; Notes: Refers to the ruler of Moab.
- וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ (vayyilakhamu) – Root: לחם (lakham); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they fought”; Notes: Refers to battles against Yisraʾel.
- בָּֽם׃ (bam) – Root: ב (be); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “against them”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.