וַיְהִ֛י בַּשָּׁנָ֥ה הַחֲמִישִׁ֖ית לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ רְחַבְעָ֑ם עָלָ֛ה שֵׁשַׁק מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
And it came to pass in the fifth year of King Reḥavʿam, that Shēshaq king of Mitsrayim came up against Yerushalayim.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֛י (va-yehī) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it came to pass”; Notes: Narrative opening formula introducing an event.
- בַּשָּׁנָ֥ה (ba-shanāh) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Preposition ב + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the year”; Notes: Time marker.
- הַחֲמִישִׁ֖ית (ha-ḥămīshīt) – Root: חמש; Form: Definite article + ordinal feminine singular; Translation: “the fifth”; Notes: Refers to the fifth year of reign.
- לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ (la-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition ל + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “of the king”; Notes: Indicates whose reign is in reference.
- רְחַבְעָ֑ם (Reḥavʿam) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Reḥavʿam”; Notes: King of Yehudah.
- עָלָ֛ה (ʿālāh) – Root: עלה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “came up”; Notes: Military or geographical movement, often toward Jerusalem.
- שֵׁשַׁק (Shēshaq) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Shēshaq”; Notes: Egyptian pharaoh known historically as Shoshenq I.
- מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם (melekh-Mitsrayim) – Root: מלך, מצרים; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “king of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt using its Hebrew name.
- עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם (ʿal-Yerushalayim) – Root: על, ירושלם; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Yerushalayim”; Notes: Indicates the object of military action.