וַֽיַּחֲנ֧וּ אֵ֦לֶּה נֹ֥כַח אֵ֖לֶּה שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֑ים וַיְהִ֣י בַּיֹּ֣ום הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י וַתִּקְרַב֙ הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיַּכּ֨וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל אֶת־אֲרָ֛ם מֵאָה־אֶ֥לֶף רַגְלִ֖י בְּיֹ֥ום אֶחָֽד׃
And these encamped opposite those seven days; and it came to pass on the seventh day that the battle drew near, and the sons of Yisraʾel struck Aram, one hundred thousand footmen in one day.
Morphology
- וַיַּחֲנוּ (va-yaḥanu) – Root: חנה (ḥanah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they encamped”; Notes: Describes the opposing camps settling for several days.
- אֵלֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה (elleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel and Aram positioned opposite each other.
- נֹכַח (nokhaḥ) – Root: נכח (nokhaḥ); Form: Adverb; Translation: “opposite”; Notes: Indicates facing each other in readiness for battle.
- אֵלֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה (elleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “those”; Notes: Second group—Aram.
- שִׁבְעַת (shivʿat) – Root: שבע (shevaʿ); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “seven”; Notes: Duration of the encampment.
- יָמִים (yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “days”; Notes: Standard time expression.
- וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it came to pass”; Notes: Narrative transition to the key event.
- בַּיּוֹם (ba-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the day”; Notes: Specifies timing of the battle.
- הַשְּׁבִיעִי (ha-sheviʿi) – Root: שבע (shevaʿ); Form: Definite ordinal masculine singular; Translation: “the seventh”; Notes: Indicates the final day of encampment.
- וַתִּקְרַב (va-tiqarav) – Root: קרב (qarav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it drew near”; Notes: Feminine referring to “the battle” (milḥamah).
- הַמִּלְחָמָה (ha-milḥamah) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the battle”; Notes: Describes the engagement commencing.
- וַיַּכּוּ (va-yakku) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they struck”; Notes: Yisraʾel delivering a decisive blow.
- בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל (vene-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (ben) + ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Construct chain; Translation: “the sons of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Identifies the victors.
- אֶת־אֲרָם (et-Aram) – Root: ארם (Aram); Form: Accusative marker אֶת + proper noun; Translation: “Aram”; Notes: Object of the blow—defeated enemy.
- מֵאָה־אֶלֶף (meʾah-elef) – Root: מאה (meʾah) + אלף (elef); Form: Numeral phrase; Translation: “one hundred thousand”; Notes: Immense number of casualties.
- רַגְלִי (ragli) – Root: רגל (regel); Form: Noun masculine singular used collectively; Translation: “footmen”; Notes: Infantrymen specifically noted.
- בְּיֹום (be-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in a day”; Notes: Emphasizes the swiftness of the victory.
- אֶחָד (eḥad) – Root: אחד (eḥad); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Reinforces the singularity of the day.