וְכֹל֩ אִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הַמִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים בְּהַר־אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּֽי־נָ֖סוּ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ גַם־הֵ֛מָּה אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
And all the men of Yisraʾel who were hiding in the hill country of Efrayim heard that the Pelishtim had fled, and they too pursued them in the battle.
Morphology
- וְכֹל֩ (ve-kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with conjunction; Translation: “And all”; Notes: Inclusive phrase.
- אִ֨ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “man”; Notes: Refers to individuals of Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, singular absolute; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Identifies the group.
- הַמִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים (ha-mitḥabbeʾim) – Root: חבא (ḥabaʾ); Form: Hitpael participle masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “who were hiding”; Notes: Reflexive action.
- בְּהַר־אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ (be-har-Efrayim) – Root: הר (har) + אפרים (Efrayim); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun and preposition; Translation: “in the hill country of Efrayim”; Notes: Specifies the hiding location.
- שָֽׁמְע֔וּ (shameʿu) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “heard”; Notes: Describes their response.
- כִּֽי־נָ֖סוּ (ki-nasu) – Root: נוס (nus); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “that had fled”; Notes: Indicates the Pelishtim’s retreat.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת (Peleshet); Form: Proper noun, plural absolute; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: Identifies the enemy.
- וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ (vayyadbequ) – Root: דבק (dabaq); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they pursued”; Notes: Action of joining the battle.
- גַם־הֵ֛מָּה (gam-hemmah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural with adverb; Translation: “they too”; Notes: Emphasizes inclusion.
- אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם (aḥareihem) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “after them”; Notes: Indicates pursuit.
- בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ (ba-milḥamah) – Root: מלחם (milḥamah); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “in the battle”; Notes: Context of the action.