2 Kings 19:12

הַהִצִּ֨ילוּ אֹתָ֜ם אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַגֹּויִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁחֲת֣וּ אֲבֹותַ֔י אֶת־גֹּוזָ֖ן וְאֶת־חָרָ֑ן וְרֶ֥צֶף וּבְנֵי־עֶ֖דֶן אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּתְלַאשָּֽׂר׃

Did the gods of the nations whom my fathers destroyed deliver them—Gozan and Ḥaran and Retsef and the children of ʿEden who were in Telassar?

Morphology

1. הַהִצִּ֨ילוּ (ha-hitsilu) – Root: נצל (natsal); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural with interrogative prefix; Translation: “Did they deliver?”; Notes: Interrogative verb questioning the efficacy of foreign gods.
2. אֹתָ֜ם (otam) – Root: את (et); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the cities or peoples mentioned later in the verse.
3. אֱלֹהֵ֤י (ʾelohei) – Root: אלוה (ʾeloah); Form: Construct masculine plural; Translation: “the gods of”; Notes: Used here to refer to the deities of conquered nations.
4. הַגֹּויִם֙ (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Definite plural masculine noun; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers to Gentile peoples outside of Yisraʾel.
5. אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces the clause referring to those destroyed by the speaker’s ancestors.
6. שִׁחֲת֣וּ (shiḥatu) – Root: שחת (shaḥat); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they destroyed”; Notes: Refers to the speaker’s ancestors (Assyrian kings).
7. אֲבֹותַ֔י (avotai) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my fathers”; Notes: Refers to royal ancestors or predecessors.
8. אֶת־גֹּוזָ֖ן (et-Gozan) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Direct object marker + proper name; Translation: “Gozan”; Notes: A city or region in northern Mesopotamia.
9. וְאֶת־חָרָ֑ן (ve-et-Ḥaran) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + proper name; Translation: “and Ḥaran”; Notes: A major city in Mesopotamian history.
10. וְרֶ֥צֶף (ve-Retsef) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + proper name; Translation: “and Retsef”; Notes: Possibly a lesser-known city or district.
11. וּבְנֵי־עֶ֖דֶן (u-venei-ʿEden) – Root: בן (ben), עדן (ʿEden); Form: Conjunction + construct noun + proper name; Translation: “and the children of ʿEden”; Notes: Refers to a population group or dynastic family in a region called ʿEden.
12. אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces the location clause for the children of ʿEden.
13. בִּתְלַאשָּֽׂר (bi-Tel-Assar) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper name; Translation: “in Tel-Assar”; Notes: A location associated with the ʿEdenites, possibly in Syria or Mesopotamia.