וִיהֹושֻׁ֨עַ וְכָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל רָא֗וּ כִּֽי־לָכַ֤ד הָֽאֹרֵב֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְכִ֥י עָלָ֖ה עֲשַׁ֣ן הָעִ֑יר וַיָּשֻׁ֕בוּ וַיַּכּ֖וּ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעָֽי׃
And Yehoshua and all Yisraʾel saw that the ambush had taken the city and that the smoke of the city had ascended, and they turned back and struck down the men of ʿAi.
Morphology
- וִיהֹושֻׁ֨עַ (vi-Yehoshua) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “And Yehoshua”; Notes: Leader of Yisraʾel.
- וְכָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל (ve-khol-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Noun, masculine singular with conjunction and quantifier; Translation: “and all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the entire nation of Yisraʾel.
- רָא֗וּ (raʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “saw”; Notes: Action of perceiving the situation.
- כִּֽי־לָכַ֤ד (ki-lakhad) – Root: לכד (lakad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that had taken”; Notes: Refers to the ambush capturing the city.
- הָֽאֹרֵב֙ (haʾorev) – Root: ארב (ʾarab); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the ambush”; Notes: Refers to the hidden Israelite force.
- אֶת־הָעִ֔יר (et-haʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun, feminine singular with direct object marker and definite article; Translation: “the city”; Notes: Direct object of the verb “had taken.”
- וְכִ֥י (ve-ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and that”; Notes: Introduces a second clause.
- עָלָ֖ה (ʿalah) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “had ascended”; Notes: Describes the smoke rising.
- עֲשַׁ֣ן (ʿashan) – Root: עשן (ʿashan); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “smoke”; Notes: Result of the city burning.
- הָעִ֑יר (haʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “of the city”; Notes: Genitive relationship with “smoke.”
- וַיָּשֻׁ֕בוּ (vayyashuvu) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they turned back”; Notes: Refers to Yehoshua and Yisraʾel.
- וַיַּכּ֖וּ (vayyakku) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they struck down”; Notes: Describes the attack.
- אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֥י (et-ʾanshei) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with direct object marker; Translation: “the men of”; Notes: Direct object of “struck down.”
- הָעָֽי׃ (haʿay) – Root: עי (ʿay); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Haʿay”; Notes: The city and its inhabitants.