גַּם־הִ֗יא לַגֹּלָה֙ הָלְכָ֣ה בַשֶּׁ֔בִי גַּ֧ם עֹלָלֶ֛יהָ יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ כָּל־חוּצֹ֑ות וְעַל־נִכְבַּדֶּ֨יהָ֙ יַדּ֣וּ גֹורָ֔ל וְכָל־גְּדֹולֶ֖יהָ רֻתְּק֥וּ בַזִּקִּֽים׃
Also she has gone into exile into captivity also her infants are dashed at the head of every street and upon her nobles they cast lots and all her great ones are bound in chains.
Morphology
- גַּם (gam) — Root: גם (gam); Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Adds another element of judgment.
- הִיא (hi) — Root: הוא (hu/hi); Form: Independent pronoun 3fs; Translation: “she”; Notes: Refers to No Amon.
- לַגֹּלָה (la-golah) — Root: גלה (galah); Form: Preposition לְ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “into the exile”; Notes: Indicates destination of forced removal.
- הָלְכָה (halekhah) — Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal perfect 3fs; Translation: “she has gone”; Notes: Completed action of deportation.
- בַּשֶּׁבִי (ba-shevi) — Root: שׁבה (shavah); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “into the captivity”; Notes: Further describes the exilic state.
- גַּם (gam) — Root: גם; Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Introduces another consequence.
- עֹלָלֶיהָ (olaleha) — Root: עלל (ʿalal, noun עוֹלֵל); Form: Noun masculine plural + 3fs suffix; Translation: “her infants”; Notes: Depicts extreme brutality.
- יְרֻטְּשׁוּ (yeruttshu) — Root: רטשׁ (ratash); Form: Pual imperfect 3mp; Translation: “are dashed”; Notes: Violent passive action.
- בְּרֹאשׁ (be-rosh) — Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “at the head”; Notes: Indicates location.
- כָל־חוּצֹות (kol-ḥutsot) — Root: חוץ (ḥuts); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “every street”; Notes: Shows widespread devastation.
- וְ (ve) — Root: ו; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links further humiliation.
- עַל (ʿal) — Root: על; Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “upon”; Notes: introduces the next object.
- נִכְבַּדֶּיהָ (nikkbadeha) — Root: כבד (kavad); Form: Noun masculine plural + 3fs suffix; Translation: “her nobles”; Notes: High-ranking leaders of the city.
- יַדּוּ (yaddu) — Root: ידה (yadah); Form: Qal imperfect 3mp; Translation: “they cast”; Notes: Casting lots for captives.
- גּוֹרָל (goral) — Root: גור (gwr?) / nominal root גורל; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “lot”; Notes: Assigning fate through chance.
- וְ (ve) — Root: ו; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and”; Notes: Adds another act of subjugation.
- כָל־גְּדֹולֶיהָ (kol-gedoleha) — Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 3fs suffix; Translation: “all her great ones”; Notes: Her most powerful officials.
- רֻתְּקוּ (rutteku) — Root: רתק (ratak); Form: Pual perfect 3mp; Translation: “were bound”; Notes: Passive form—placed in physical restraints.
- בַּזִּקִּים (ba-zikkim) — Root: זקק (zakak, noun זִקִּים); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “in the chains”; Notes: Instruments of captivity.