וַֽיְהִ֗י כִּ֤י חָֽזְקוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ אֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י לָמַ֑ס וְהֹורֵ֖שׁ לֹ֥א הֹורִישֹֽׁו׃ ס
And it happened, when the sons of Yisraʾel grew strong, they put the Kenaʿani to forced labor, but they did not utterly drive them out.
Morphology
- וַֽיְהִ֗י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hyy); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it happened”; Notes: Introduces a narrative sequence.
- כִּ֤י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Indicates a condition or time clause.
- חָֽזְקוּ֙ (ḥazqu) – Root: חזק (ḥzq); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “grew strong”; Notes: Indicates an increase in strength.
- בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (bene Yisra’el) – Root: בן (bn), ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Noun construct phrase; Translation: “sons of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites collectively.
- וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ (vayittenu) – Root: נתן (ntn); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they put”; Notes: Refers to subjecting the Canaanites to forced labor.
- אֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י (et-ha-Kenaʿani) – Root: כנען (knʿn); Form: Proper noun with direct object marker; Translation: “the Kenaʿani”; Notes: Identifies the object of the action.
- לָמַ֑ס (la-mas) – Root: מס (ms); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to forced labor”; Notes: Refers to compulsory service or tribute.
- וְהֹורֵ֖שׁ (ve-horish) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Hiphil infinitive absolute; Translation: “but utterly drive out”; Notes: Expresses contrast in action.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- הֹורִישֹֽׁו׃ (horisho) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “he did drive them out”; Notes: Emphasizes that they did not fully expel the Canaanites.