Judges 1:9

וְאַחַ֗ר יָֽרְדוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם בַּֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑י יֹושֵׁ֣ב הָהָ֔ר וְהַנֶּ֖גֶב וְהַשְּׁפֵלָֽה׃

And afterward, the sons of Yehuda went down to fight against the Kenaʿani who dwelled in the hill country, in the Negev, and in the Shefela.

Morphology

1. וְאַחַ֗ר (ve-aḥar) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Adverb; Translation: “And afterward”; Notes: Indicates a sequence of events.
2. יָֽרְדוּ֙ (yaredu) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they went down”; Notes: Describes descent to a lower region.
3. בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה (bene Yehudah) – Root: בן (ben), יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with proper noun; Translation: “the sons of Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the tribe of Yehudah.
4. לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם (lehilachem) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Nifal infinitive construct; Translation: “to fight”; Notes: Reflexive form meaning “to engage in battle.”
5. בַּֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑י (ba-Kenaʿani) – Root: כנעני (Kenaʿani); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite with preposition; Translation: “against the Kenaʿani”; Notes: Refers to the Canaanite people.
6. יֹושֵׁ֣ב (yoshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal participle, masculine singular; Translation: “who dwelled”; Notes: Describes continuous habitation.
7. הָהָ֔ר (ha-har) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the hill country”; Notes: Refers to the mountainous region.
8. וְהַנֶּ֖גֶב (ve-ha-Negev) – Root: נגב (Negev); Form: Proper noun with conjunction; Translation: “and in the Negev”; Notes: Refers to the southern desert region.
9. וְהַשְּׁפֵלָֽה׃ (ve-ha-Shefela) – Root: שפלה (Shefela); Form: Proper noun with conjunction; Translation: “and in the Shefelah”; Notes: Refers to the lowland region.