וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד לֹ֤א תוּכַל֙ לָלֶ֨כֶת֙ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַזֶּ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִמֹּ֑ו כִּֽי־נַ֣עַר אַ֔תָּה וְה֛וּא אִ֥ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֖ה מִנְּעֻרָֽיו׃ ס
And Shaʾul said to Dawid, “You are not able to go against this Pelishti to fight with him, for you are a youth, and he is a man of war from his youth.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Shaʾul’s response to Dawid.
- שָׁא֜וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: The king of Yisraʾel.
- אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד (ʾel-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Shaʾul directly addresses him.
- לֹ֤א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes negation.
- תוּכַל֙ (tukhal) – Root: יכל (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you are able”; Notes: Shaʾul expresses doubt about Dawid’s capability.
- לָלֶ֨כֶת֙ (lalekhet) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to go”; Notes: Indicates the action of approaching battle.
- אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י (ʾel-ha-Pelishti) – Root: פלש (palesh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “against the Pelishti”; Notes: Refers to Golyat.
- הַזֶּ֔ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this one”; Notes: Emphasizes Golyat specifically.
- לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם (lehilachem) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Nifal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to fight”; Notes: Describes the intended action.
- עִמֹּ֑ו (ʿimmo) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with him”; Notes: Refers to Golyat.
- כִּֽי־נַ֣עַר (ki-naʿar) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “for you are a youth”; Notes: Emphasizes Dawid’s inexperience.
- אַ֔תָּה (ʾattah) – Root: אתה (ʾattah); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to Dawid directly.
- וְה֛וּא (vehu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he”; Notes: Refers to Golyat.
- אִ֥ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Contrasts Golyat’s experience with Dawid’s youth.
- מִלְחָמָ֖ה (milḥamah) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “of war”; Notes: Describes Golyat as an experienced warrior.
- מִנְּעֻרָֽיו (minneʿurav) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from his youth”; Notes: Indicates Golyat has been a warrior since a young age.