1 Samuel 17:34

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל רֹעֶ֨ה הָיָ֧ה עַבְדְּךָ֛ לְאָבִ֖יו בַּצֹּ֑אן וּבָ֤א הָֽאֲרִי֙ וְאֶת־הַדֹּ֔וב וְנָשָׂ֥א שֶׂ֖ה מֵהָעֵֽדֶר׃

And Dawid said to Shaʾul, “Your servant was a shepherd for his father with the flock, and the lion came, and also the bear, and took a sheep from the flock.

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Dawid’s speech.
2. דָּוִד֙ (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: The speaker, addressing Shaʾul.
3. אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל (ʾel-Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Shaʾul”; Notes: The direct address to the king.
4. רֹעֶ֨ה (roʿeh) – Root: רעה (raʿah); Form: Qal active participle, masculine singular; Translation: “a shepherd”; Notes: Describes Dawid’s past occupation.
5. הָיָ֧ה (hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was”; Notes: Indicates Dawid’s past role.
6. עַבְדְּךָ֛ (ʿavdekha) – Root: עבד (ʿeved); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your servant”; Notes: Dawid refers to himself humbly.
7. לְאָבִ֖יו (le-ʾaviv) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “for his father”; Notes: Specifies that Dawid worked under his father.
8. בַּצֹּ֑אן (baṣṣon) – Root: צאן (ṣon); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “with the flock”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s shepherding duties.
9. וּבָ֤א (u-va) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and came”; Notes: Describes the arrival of the wild animals.
10. הָֽאֲרִי֙ (ha-ʾari) – Root: ארי (ʾari); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the lion”; Notes: One of the predators Dawid faced.
11. וְאֶת־הַדֹּ֔וב (ve-et-haddov) – Root: דוב (dov); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “and also the bear”; Notes: The second predator mentioned.
12. וְנָשָׂ֥א (venaśaʾ) – Root: נשא (naśaʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and took”; Notes: Refers to the animals seizing prey.
13. שֶׂ֖ה (seh) – Root: שה (seh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a sheep”; Notes: The prey taken from the flock.
14. מֵהָעֵֽדֶר (mehaʿeder) – Root: עדר (ʿeder); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article; Translation: “from the flock”; Notes: Specifies the source of the lost sheep.