וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח דָּוִ֖ד עֲשָׂרָ֣ה נְעָרִ֑ים וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לַנְּעָרִ֗ים עֲל֤וּ כַרְמֶ֨לָה֙ וּבָאתֶ֣ם אֶל־נָבָ֔ל וּשְׁאֶלְתֶּם־לֹ֥ו בִשְׁמִ֖י לְשָׁלֹֽום׃
And Dawid sent ten young men, and Dawid said to the young men, “Go up to Karmel, and you shall come to Naval, and you shall greet him in my name in peace.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח (vayyishlaḥ) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he sent”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s action.
- דָּוִ֖ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- עֲשָׂרָ֣ה (ʿasarah) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Numeral, masculine singular; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Number of men sent.
- נְעָרִ֑ים (neʿarim) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “young men”; Notes: Describes Dawid’s messengers.
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- דָּוִ֜ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Speaker of the command.
- לַנְּעָרִ֗ים (la-neʿarim) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, masculine plural with preposition ל; Translation: “to the young men”; Notes: Direct address.
- עֲל֤וּ (ʿalu) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “Go up”; Notes: Command to ascend.
- כַרְמֶ֨לָה֙ (Karmelah) – Root: כרמל (Karmel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with directive ה; Translation: “to Karmel”; Notes: The location of Naval.
- וּבָאתֶ֣ם (u-vaʾatem) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you shall come”; Notes: Sequential command.
- אֶל־נָבָ֔ל (el-Naval) – Root: נבל (Naval); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to Naval”; Notes: Identifies the recipient.
- וּשְׁאֶלְתֶּם־לֹ֥ו (u-sheʾeltem-lo) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and you shall greet him”; Notes: Indicates an inquiry or greeting.
- בִשְׁמִ֖י (bishmi) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “in my name”; Notes: Indicates representation.
- לְשָׁלֹֽום (le-shalom) – Root: שלום (shalom); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “in peace”; Notes: Expresses the intended goodwill.