וַיִּקְרָ֨א אָכִ֜ישׁ אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵ֠לָיו חַי־יְהוָ֞ה כִּי־יָשָׁ֣ר אַתָּ֗ה וְטֹ֣וב בְּ֠עֵינַי צֵאתְךָ֨ וּבֹאֲךָ֤ אִתִּי֙ בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה כִּ֠י לֹֽא־מָצָ֤אתִֽי בְךָ֙ רָעָ֔ה מִיֹּ֛ום בֹּאֲךָ֥ אֵלַ֖י עַד־הַיֹּ֣ום הַזֶּ֑ה וּבְעֵינֵ֥י הַסְּרָנִ֖ים לֹֽא־טֹ֥וב אָֽתָּה׃
And Akhish called Dawid and said to him, “As YHWH lives, you are upright, and your going out and your coming in with me in the camp is good in my eyes, for I have found no evil in you from the day you came to me until this day. But in the eyes of the commanders, you are not good.
Morphology
- וַיִּקְרָ֨א (va-yiqra) – Root: קרא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he called”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- אָכִ֜ישׁ (Akhish) – Root: אכיש; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Akhish”; Notes: Refers to the Philistine king.
- אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד (el-Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Directs speech to David.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces dialogue.
- אֵ֠לָיו (elav) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Specifies the recipient.
- חַי־יְהוָ֞ה (ḥai-YHWH) – Root: חיה; Form: Adjective with divine name; Translation: “As YHWH lives”; Notes: An oath formula.
- כִּי־יָשָׁ֣ר (ki-yashar) – Root: ישר; Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “for you are upright”; Notes: Indicates integrity.
- אַתָּ֗ה (attah) – Root: אתה; Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizes subject.
- וְטֹ֣וב (ve-tov) – Root: טוב; Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “and good”; Notes: Describes approval.
- בְּ֠עֵינַי (be-einai) – Root: עין; Form: Noun, dual construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “in my eyes”; Notes: Expresses subjective opinion.
- צֵאתְךָ֨ (tzetkha) – Root: יצא; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your going out”; Notes: Indicates military movement.
- וּבֹאֲךָ֤ (u-voakha) – Root: בוא; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and your coming in”; Notes: Expresses presence in the camp.
- אִתִּי֙ (itti) – Root: את; Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “with me”; Notes: Expresses companionship.
- בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה (ba-maḥaneh) – Root: מחנה; Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “in the camp”; Notes: Refers to the military encampment.
- כִּ֠י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason.
- לֹֽא־מָצָ֤אתִֽי (lo-maṣati) – Root: מצא; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have not found”; Notes: Expresses past examination.
- בְךָ֙ (bekha) – Root: ב; Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in you”; Notes: Specifies object.
- רָעָ֔ה (raʿah) – Root: רע; Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Expresses innocence.
- מִיֹּ֛ום (mi-yom) – Root: יום; Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “from the day”; Notes: Temporal reference.
- בֹּאֲךָ֥ (boakha) – Root: בוא; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your coming”; Notes: Expresses arrival.
- אֵלַ֖י (elai) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates relationship.
- וּבְעֵינֵ֥י (u-veneinei) – Root: עין; Form: Noun, dual construct with preposition; Translation: “but in the eyes of”; Notes: Contrast with Akhish’s view.
- הַסְּרָנִ֖ים (ha-seranim) – Root: סר; Form: Noun, masculine plural definite; Translation: “the commanders”; Notes: Refers to Philistine leaders.
- לֹֽא־טֹ֥וב (lo-tov) – Root: טוב; Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “not good”; Notes: Expresses disapproval.
- אָֽתָּה׃ (attah) – Root: אתה; Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Directly refers to Dawid.