וַיְהִ֞י כִּשְׁמֹ֧עַ חִירָ֛ם אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה וַיִּשְׂמַ֣ח מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בָּר֤וּךְ יְהוָה֙ הַיֹּ֔ום אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֤ן לְדָוִד֙ בֵּ֣ן חָכָ֔ם עַל־הָעָ֥ם הָרָ֖ב הַזֶּֽה׃
And it came to be, when Ḥiram heard the words of Shelomo, that he rejoiced greatly, and he said, “Blessed be YHWH today, who has given to Dawid a wise son over this great people.”
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֞י (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect), Qal, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to be”; Notes: Narrative introduction to a new scene or event.
- כִּשְׁמֹ֧עַ (ki-shmoaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “when [he] heard”; Notes: Temporal clause introducing the condition for what follows.
- חִירָ֛ם (Ḥiram) – Root: חירם (Ḥiram); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Ḥiram”; Notes: Subject of the verb “heard”.
- אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י (et-divrei) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Direct object marker + masculine plural construct; Translation: “the words of”; Notes: Construct state showing possession.
- שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה (Shelomoh) – Root: שלמה (Shelomoh); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shelomoh”; Notes: Possessor of the “words”.
- וַיִּשְׂמַ֣ח (va-yismach) – Root: שׂמח (samach); Form: Wayyiqtol, Qal, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he rejoiced”; Notes: Sequential past action expressing emotional reaction.
- מְאֹ֑ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “greatly”; Notes: Intensifies the verb “rejoiced”.
- וַיֹּ֗אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Wayyiqtol, Qal, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- בָּר֤וּךְ (barukh) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Passive participle, masculine singular; Translation: “blessed”; Notes: Common formula of praise, especially toward YHWH.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Divine name, recipient of blessing.
- הַיֹּ֔ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “today”; Notes: Temporal emphasis, the day of the event.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Refers to YHWH, introducing the relative clause.
- נָתַ֤ן (natan) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has given”; Notes: Past completed action.
- לְדָוִד֙ (le-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Indicates recipient of the gift.
- בֵּ֣ן (ben) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a son”; Notes: Object of “has given”.
- חָכָ֔ם (ḥakham) – Root: חכם (ḥakham); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “wise”; Notes: Modifies “son”, emphasizing Shelomoh’s wisdom.
- עַל־הָעָ֥ם (ʿal-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular definite; Translation: “over the people”; Notes: Indicates rule or authority.
- הָרָ֖ב (ha-rav) – Root: רבב (rav); Form: Adjective masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “great”; Notes: Modifies “people”, emphasizing size or magnitude.
- הַזֶּֽה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the specific nation of Yisraʾel.