Genesis 1:21

Posted on March 1, 2012 by תּוֹרָה

ויברא אלהים את התנינם הגדלים ואת כל נפש החיה הרמשת אשר שרצו המים למינהם ואת כל עוף כנף למינהו וירא אלהים כי טוב׃

Gen 1:21 [Samaritan]
ויברא אלהים את התנינים הגדלים ואת כל נפש החיה הרמשת אשר שרצו המים למיניהם ואת כל עוף כנף למינהו וירא אלהים כי טוב׃
And Elohim created great sea creatures, and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged bird according to its kind. And Elohim saw that it was good.

Gen 1:21 [Masoretic]
וַיִּבְרָא אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הַתַּנִּינִם הַגְּדֹלִים וְאֵת כָּל־נֶפֶשׁ הַֽחַיָּה הָֽרֹמֶשֶׂת אֲשֶׁר שָׁרְצוּ הַמַּיִם לְמִֽינֵהֶם וְאֵת כָּל־עֹוף כָּנָף לְמִינֵהוּ וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים כִּי־טֹֽוב׃
And Elohim created great sea creatures, and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged bird according to its kind. And Elohim saw that it was good.

Gen 1:21 [Targum Onkelos]
וּבְרָא יְיָ יַת תַּנִּינַיָּא רַבְרְבַיָּא וְיַת כָּל נַפְשָׁא חַיְתָא דְּרָחֲשָׁא דְּאַרְחִישׁ מַיָּא לִזְנֵיהוֹן וְיַת כָּל עוֹפָא דְּפָרַח לִזְנוֹהִי וַחֲזָא יְיָ אֲרֵי טָב:
And YeYa created the great sea creatures and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought forth according to their kind, and every bird that flies according to its kind. And YeYa saw that it was good.

Gen 1:21 [Samaritan Targum]
וברא אלה ית תלקסיתיה רברביה וית כל נפש חיתה דרמסת ולקפת מיה לגנוסיהון וית כל קמץ גנפר לגנוסה ועגל אלה הלא טב:
And Elah created the great sea creatures and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought forth according to their kind, and every bird that flies according to its kind. And Elah saw that it was good.

Gen 1:21 [Peshitta]
ܘܒܪܼܐ ܐܠܗܐ ܬܢܝ̈ܢܐ ܪ̈ܘܪܒܐ܂ ܘܟܠ ܢܦܫܐ ܚܝܬܐ ܕܪܚܫܐ ܕܐܪܚܫܘ ܡ̈ܝܐ ܠܓܢܣܗܘܢ܂ ܘܟܠ ܦܪܚܬܐ ܕܓܦܐ ܠܓܢܣܗܿ܂ ܘܚܼܙܐ ܐܠܗܐ ܕܫܦܝܪ܂
And Alaha created great sea creatures, and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged bird according to its kind. And Alaha saw that it was good.

Gen 1:21 [Septuagint]
Καὶ ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὰ κήτη τὰ μεγάλα καὶ πᾶσαν ψυχὴν ζῴων ἑρπετῶν, ἃ ἐξήγαγεν τὰ ὕδατα κατὰ γένη αὐτῶν, καὶ πᾶν πετεινὸν πτερωτὸν κατὰ γένος. καὶ εἶδεν ὁ Θεὸς ὅτι καλά.
And God made great sea creatures, and every living walking animal, which the waters brought forth according to their kinds, and every creature that flies with wings according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.

Gen 1:21 [Old Latin]
Et fecit Deus cetos magnos, et omne animal reptilium, quae eduxerunt aquae secundum genus eorum, et omne volatile penatum secundum genus. Et vidit Deus, quia bona sunt.
And God made large sea creatures, and every moving animal, which the waters have led forth, according to their kinds, and every bird according to its household kind. And God saw that they are good.

* cetos = large sea animal, whales, shark

* led forth or raised up

Gen 1:21 [Vulgate]
Creavitque Deus cete grandia, et omnem animam viventem atque motabilem, quam produxerant aquae in species suas, et omne volatile secundum genus suum. Et vidit Deus quod esset bonum.
And God created the great sea creatures, and every living and moving creature, which the waters brought forth, according to their kinds, and every bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.

 

וַיִּבְרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֶת־הַתַּנִּינִ֖ם הַגְּדֹלִ֑ים וְאֵ֣ת כָּל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַֽחַיָּ֣ה הָֽרֹמֶ֡שֶׂת אֲשֶׁר֩ שָׁרְצ֨וּ הַמַּ֜יִם לְמִֽינֵהֶ֗ם וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־עֹ֤וף כָּנָף֙ לְמִינֵ֔הוּ וַיַּ֥רְא אֱלֹהִ֖ים כִּי־טֹֽוב׃

And God created the great sea creatures and every living soul that moves, which the waters swarmed after their kinds, and every winged bird after its kind. And God saw that it was good.

 

Morphology

  1. וַיִּבְרָ֣א (vayyivra) – Root: ברא (b-r-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms, with vav consecutive; Translation: “And created”; Notes: Indicates the act of divine creation ex nihilo.
  2. אֱלֹהִ֔ים (ʾElohim) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun, masculine plural with singular meaning; Translation: “God”; Notes: The Creator.
  3. אֶת־הַתַּנִּינִ֖ם (ʾet-hatanninim) – Root: תנין (t-n-y-n); Form: Noun, masculine plural, with definite article; Translation: “the sea creatures”; Notes: Refers to large aquatic animals, possibly dragons or whales.
  4. הַגְּדֹלִ֑ים (hagedolim) – Root: גדל (g-d-l); Form: Adjective, masculine plural, with definite article; Translation: “the great ones”; Notes: Emphasizes their size and grandeur.
  5. וְאֵ֣ת (veʾet) – Form: Conjunction + Accusative Marker; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links the next object of creation.
  6. כָּל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ (kol-nefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “every soul”; Notes: Refers to living creatures.
  7. הַֽחַיָּ֣ה (haḥayyah) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Adjective, feminine singular, with definite article; Translation: “living”; Notes: Describes the creatures as alive.
  8. הָֽרֹמֶ֡שֶׂת (haromeset) – Root: רמש (r-m-sh); Form: Participle, feminine singular, with definite article; Translation: “that moves”; Notes: Refers to the movement of these creatures.
  9. אֲשֶׁר֩ (ʾasher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces the subordinate clause.
  10. שָׁרְצ֨וּ (sharatsu) – Root: שרץ (sh-r-ts); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3cp; Translation: “swarmed”; Notes: Indicates abundant movement.
  11. הַמַּ֜יִם (hamayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural, with definite article; Translation: “the waters”; Notes: The medium of these creatures.
  12. לְמִֽינֵהֶ֗ם (leminéhem) – Root: מין (m-y-n); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + pronoun suffix, 3mp; Translation: “after their kinds”; Notes: Refers to the classification of creatures.
  13. וְאֵ֨ת (veʾet) – Form: Conjunction + Accusative Marker; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links the creation of birds.
  14. כָּל־עֹ֤וף (kol-ʿof) – Root: עוף (ʿ-w-p); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “every bird”; Notes: Denotes all types of flying creatures.
  15. כָּנָף֙ (kanaf) – Root: כנף (k-n-p); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “winged”; Notes: Describes the attribute of these creatures.
  16. לְמִינֵ֔הוּ (leminéhu) – Root: מין (m-y-n); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + pronoun suffix, 3ms; Translation: “after its kind”; Notes: Specifies the classification of birds.
  17. וַיַּ֥רְא (vayyarʾ) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms, with vav consecutive; Translation: “And saw”; Notes: Indicates God’s approval of creation.
  18. אֱלֹהִ֖ים (ʾElohim) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun, masculine plural with singular meaning; Translation: “God”; Notes: The Creator.
  19. כִּי־טֹֽוב (ki-tov) – Root: טוב (t-w-b); Form: Conjunction + Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “that it was good”; Notes: Expresses the goodness of creation.

 

 

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