אַיֵּה֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י חֲמָ֜ת וְאַרְפָּ֗ד אַיֵּ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י סְפַרְוַ֖יִם הֵנַ֣ע וְעִוָּ֑ה כִּֽי־הִצִּ֥ילוּ אֶת־שֹׁמְרֹ֖ון מִיָּדִֽי׃
Where are the gods of Ḥamat and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sefarwayim, Hena, and ʿIvva? For did they deliver Shomeron out of my hand?
Morphology
- אַיֵּה֩ (ayyéh) – Root: אי; Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “Where?”; Notes: Used rhetorically to challenge the power of other gods.
- אֱלֹהֵ֨י (Elohei) – Root: אלה; Form: Construct plural masculine; Translation: “gods of”; Notes: Refers to the deities of the named nations or cities.
- חֲמָ֜ת (Ḥamat) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥamat”; Notes: A prominent Aramean city conquered by Ashshur.
- וְאַרְפָּ֗ד (ve-Arpad) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and Arpad”; Notes: Another city subdued by Assyria.
- אַיֵּ֛ה (ayyéh) – Root: אי; Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “Where?”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- אֱלֹהֵ֥י סְפַרְוַ֖יִם (Elohei Sepharwayim) – Root: אלה; Form: Construct plural noun + proper noun; Translation: “gods of Sepharwayim”; Notes: Refers to the gods of another city defeated by Ashshur.
- הֵנַ֣ע (Henʿa) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Hena”; Notes: A lesser-known city or deity in the Assyrian context.
- וְעִוָּ֑ה (ve-ʿIvvah) – Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and ʿIvvah”; Notes: Another locality referenced by the speaker.
- כִּֽי־הִצִּ֥ילוּ (ki-hitsilu) – Root: נצל; Form: Conjunction + Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “for did they deliver”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical question implying a negative answer.
- אֶת־שֹׁמְרֹ֖ון (et-Shomron) – Form: Accusative marker + proper noun; Translation: “Shomron”; Notes: Capital of Yisraʾel, conquered by Ashshur.
- מִיָּדִֽי (mi-yadi) – Root: יד; Form: Preposition + noun in construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “from my hand”; Notes: Represents military power or control.