וְאֶֽת־הַֽמִּזְבְּחֹ֡ות אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַגָּג֩ עֲלִיַּ֨ת אָחָ֜ז אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֣וּ מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה וְאֶת־הַֽמִּזְבְּחֹות֙ אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה בִּשְׁתֵּ֛י חַצְרֹ֥ות בֵּית־יְהוָ֖ה נָתַ֣ץ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיָּ֣רָץ מִשָּׁ֔ם וְהִשְׁלִ֥יךְ אֶת־עֲפָרָ֖ם אֶל־נַ֥חַל קִדְרֹֽון׃
And the altars that were on the roof of the upper chamber of Aḥaz, which the kings of Yehuda had made, and the altars that Menashshe had made in the two courts of the house of YHWH, the king tore down, and he ran from there and threw their dust into the brook Qidron.
Morphology
- וְאֶֽת־הַֽמִּזְבְּחֹ֡ות (ve-et ha-mizbeḥot) – Root: זבח; Form: Conjunction + direct object + definite plural noun; Translation: “and the altars”; Notes: Refers to unauthorized cultic altars.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַגָּג֩ (asher ʿal ha-gag) – Root: על, גג; Form: Relative clause; Translation: “which were on the roof”; Notes: Rooftop altars used for astral worship.
- עֲלִיַּ֨ת אָחָ֜ז (ʿaliyat Aḥaz) – Root: עלה; Form: Construct noun + proper name; Translation: “of the upper chamber of Aḥaz”; Notes: Likely a royal structure associated with cultic practices.
- אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֣וּ מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה (asher ʿasu malkei Yehudah) – Root: עשה, מלך; Form: Relative clause + perfect verb + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “which the kings of Yehudah had made”; Notes: Attribution of idolatry to previous monarchs.
- וְאֶת־הַֽמִּזְבְּחֹות֙ (ve-et ha-mizbeḥot) – Root: זבח; Form: Conjunction + direct object + definite plural noun; Translation: “and the altars”; Notes: Second reference to illicit altars.
- אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה (asher ʿasah Menashsheh) – Root: עשה; Form: Relative clause + perfect verb + proper name; Translation: “that Menashsheh had made”; Notes: King notorious for idolatry in the Temple.
- בִּשְׁתֵּ֛י חַצְרֹ֥ות (bishtei ḥatserot) – Root: שתים, חצר; Form: Preposition + construct numeral + plural noun; Translation: “in the two courts”; Notes: Inner and outer courts of the Temple.
- בֵּית־יְהוָ֖ה (beit-YHWH) – Root: בית; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “of the house of YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the Temple in Yerushalayim.
- נָתַ֣ץ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ (natats ha-melekh) – Root: נתץ; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + definite noun; Translation: “the king tore down”; Notes: Action of King Yoshiyahu as part of his reforms.
- וַיָּ֣רָץ מִשָּׁ֔ם (va-yarats mi-sham) – Root: רץ; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + preposition + adverb; Translation: “and he ran from there”; Notes: Expresses haste or urgency in removing defiled materials.
- וְהִשְׁלִ֥יךְ אֶת־עֲפָרָ֖ם (ve-hishlikh et-ʿafaram) – Root: שלך; Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + direct object + noun with 3mp suffix; Translation: “and he threw their dust”; Notes: Total desecration of destroyed altars.
- אֶל־נַ֥חַל קִדְרֹֽון (el-naḥal Qidron) – Root: נחל; Form: Preposition + noun + proper name; Translation: “into the wadi Qidron”; Notes: Valley east of Yerushalayim used for disposal of impurities.