אַל־תִּשְׂמְחִ֤י פְלֶ֨שֶׁת֙ כֻּלֵּ֔ךְ כִּ֥י נִשְׁבַּ֖ר שֵׁ֣בֶט מַכֵּ֑ךְ כִּֽי־מִשֹּׁ֤רֶשׁ נָחָשׁ֙ יֵ֣צֵא צֶ֔פַע וּפִרְיֹ֖ו שָׂרָ֥ף מְעֹופֵֽף׃
Do not rejoice, O Peleshet, all of you, because the rod that struck you is broken; for from the root of a serpent shall come forth a viper, and its fruit shall be a flying fiery serpent.
Morphology
- אַל (ʾal) – Root: אל; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Do not”; Notes: Used for prohibitions or warnings.
- תִּשְׂמְחִי (tisʂemḥi) – Root: שׂמח (samaḥ); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you rejoice”; Notes: Directs warning to Pelishet (Philistia).
- פְלֶשֶׁת (Peleshet) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Feminine singular; Translation: “Pelishet” (Philistia); Notes: A coastal region and people group often hostile to Yisraʾel.
- כֻּלֵּךְ (kullekh) – Root: כלל; Form: Noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “all of you”; Notes: Emphatic address to the entire nation.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces reason or explanation.
- נִשְׁבַּר (nishbar) – Root: שׁבר (shavar); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “is broken”; Notes: Refers to the rod (symbol of power) that once oppressed them.
- שֵׁבֶט (shevet) – Root: שׁבט (shevet); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “rod”; Notes: Symbolizes a ruler’s authority or a military oppressor.
- מַכֵּךְ (makekh) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “that struck you”; Notes: Refers to the one who had previously afflicted Philistia.
- מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ (mi-shoresh) – Root: שרש (shoresh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the root of”; Notes: Indicates continuity or origin.
- נָחָשׁ (naḥash) – Root: נחשׁ (naḥash); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a serpent”; Notes: Likely a metaphor for a ruler or hostile power.
- יֵצֵא (yetze) – Root: יצא (yatza); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall come forth”; Notes: Indicates future emergence or birth.
- צֶפַע (tsefaʿ) – Root: Possibly צפע; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a viper”; Notes: A venomous snake, intensifying the imagery of danger.
- וּפִרְיֹו (u-firyō) – Root: פרי (peri); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and its fruit”; Notes: Refers to the outcome or descendants of the viper.
- שָׂרָף (saraf) – Root: שרף (saraf); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a fiery serpent”; Notes: Mythical or poetic creature representing deadly threat.
- מְעֹופֵף (meʿofef) – Root: עוף (ʿuf); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “flying”; Notes: Combined with “fiery serpent,” evokes fearsome divine or supernatural judgment.