וְהָיָ֡ה כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ יַחֲלֹ֨ם הָרָעֵ֜ב וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֹוכֵ֗ל וְהֵקִיץ֮ וְרֵיקָ֣ה נַפְשֹׁו֒ וְכַאֲשֶׁ֨ר יַחֲלֹ֤ם הַצָּמֵא֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה שֹׁתֶ֔ה וְהֵקִיץ֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה עָיֵ֔ף וְנַפְשֹׁ֖ו שֹׁוקֵקָ֑ה כֵּ֣ן יִֽהְיֶ֗ה הֲמֹון֙ כָּל־הַגֹּויִ֔ם הַצֹּבְאִ֖ים עַל־הַ֥ר צִיֹּֽון׃ ס
And it shall be like when a hungry man dreams, and behold, he is eating, but he awakens and his soul is empty; and like when a thirsty man dreams, and behold, he is drinking, but he awakens and behold, he is faint and his soul is craving, so shall be the multitude of all the nations who wage war against Mount Tsiyyon.
Morphology
- וְהָיָ֡ה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it shall be”; Notes: Introductory narrative clause establishing comparison.
- כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Preposition + relative particle; Translation: “like when”; Notes: Introduces a simile.
- יַחֲלֹ֨ם (yaḥalom) – Root: חלם; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he dreams”; Notes: Verb of mental action.
- הָרָעֵ֜ב (ha-raʿev) – Root: רעב; Form: Definite article + participle, masculine singular; Translation: “the hungry one”; Notes: Subject of the simile.
- וְהִנֵּ֣ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Marks suddenness or attention.
- אֹוכֵ֗ל (ʾokhel) – Root: אכל; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “he is eating”; Notes: Depicts action in the dream.
- וְהֵקִיץ֮ (ve-heqits) – Root: יקץ; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “but he awakens”; Notes: Introduces disillusionment.
- וְרֵיקָ֣ה (ve-reiqah) – Root: ריק; Form: Conjunction + adjective feminine singular; Translation: “and empty”; Notes: Refers to condition of the soul.
- נַפְשֹׁו֒ (nafsho) – Root: נפש; Form: Noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his soul”; Notes: Inner state of the man.
- וְכַאֲשֶׁ֨ר (ve-kaʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Conjunction + comparative particle; Translation: “and like when”; Notes: Parallel simile to earlier phrase.
- יַחֲלֹ֤ם (yaḥalom) – Root: חלם; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he dreams”; Notes: Repeated verb for parallelism.
- הַצָּמֵא֙ (ha-tsameʾ) – Root: צמא; Form: Definite article + participle masculine singular; Translation: “the thirsty one”; Notes: Parallel to “the hungry one.”
- וְהִנֵּ֣ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Introduces dream content again.
- שֹׁתֶ֔ה (shoteh) – Root: שתה; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “he is drinking”; Notes: Present action in dream.
- וְהֵקִיץ֙ (ve-heqits) – Root: יקץ; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “but he awakens”; Notes: Reality intrudes again.
- וְהִנֵּ֣ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Emphasizes surprise or disappointment.
- עָיֵ֔ף (ʿayef) – Root: עיף; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “faint”; Notes: Physical condition upon awakening.
- וְנַפְשֹׁ֖ו (ve-nafsho) – Root: נפש; Form: Conjunction + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his soul”; Notes: Parallel structure with emotional focus.
- שֹׁוקֵקָ֑ה (shoqeqah) – Root: שׁוק; Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “craving”; Notes: Thirst that remains unquenched.
- כֵּ֣ן (ken) – Root: כן; Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Signals conclusion of simile.
- יִֽהְיֶ֗ה (yihyeh) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Future state of nations described.
- הֲמֹון֙ (hamon) – Root: המה; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the multitude”; Notes: Common noun for large military force.
- כָּל־הַגֹּויִ֔ם (kol-ha-goyim) – Root: גוי; Form: Construct chain + definite article, masculine plural; Translation: “of all the nations”; Notes: Subject of the simile.
- הַצֹּבְאִ֖ים (ha-tsoveʾim) – Root: צבא; Form: Qal participle masculine plural with article; Translation: “who wage war”; Notes: Military action described.
- עַל־הַ֥ר (ʿal-har) – Root: הר; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular definite; Translation: “against the mountain”; Notes: Target of aggression.
- צִיֹּֽון (Tsiyyon) – Root: ציון; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Tsiyyon”; Notes: Represents Jerusalem, the holy city.