כִּי־כֹ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה רָנּ֤וּ לְיַֽעֲקֹב֙ שִׂמְחָ֔ה וְצַהֲל֖וּ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ הַגֹּויִ֑ם הַשְׁמִ֤יעוּ הַֽלְלוּ֙ וְאִמְר֔וּ הֹושַׁ֤ע יְהוָה֙ אֶֽת־עַמְּךָ֔ אֵ֖ת שְׁאֵרִ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
For thus says YHWH: “Rejoice for Yaʿaqov with gladness, and shout at the head of the nations; proclaim, praise, and say, ‘Save, YHWH, Your people, the remnant of Yisraʾel.’
Morphology
- כִּי־כֹה (ki-koh) – Root: כי, כה; Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “for thus”; Notes: Introduces the content of a divine message.
- אָמַר (ʾāmar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Part of the standard prophetic formula.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- רָנּוּ (rannû) – Root: רנן; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “rejoice”; Notes: Expresses a loud, joyful shout.
- לְיַעֲקֹב (le-Yaʿaqov) – Root: יעקב; Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun; Translation: “for Yaʿaqov”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel collectively.
- שִׂמְחָה (simḥāh) – Root: שׂמח; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “gladness”; Notes: Denotes joy in celebration.
- וְצַהֲלוּ (ve-tsahălû) – Root: צהַל; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and shout”; Notes: Often a jubilant cry, here in public worship.
- בְּרֹאשׁ (be-roʾsh) – Root: ראשׁ; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “at the head of”; Notes: Indicates a leading position or prominence.
- הַגֹּויִם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי; Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers to Gentile peoples.
- הַשְׁמִיעוּ (hashmîʿû) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Hiphil imperative masculine plural; Translation: “proclaim”; Notes: Causative—cause the message to be heard.
- הַלְלוּ (hallû) – Root: הלל; Form: Piel imperative masculine plural; Translation: “praise”; Notes: Intense form of praise, often directed toward God.
- וְאִמְרוּ (ve-ʾimrû) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and say”; Notes: Introduces the content of the proclamation.
- הֹושַׁע (hoshaʿ) – Root: ישע; Form: Hiphil imperative masculine singular; Translation: “save”; Notes: Petition addressed directly to YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis within the prayer.
- אֶת־עַמְּךָ (ʾet-ʿammekha) – Root: עם; Form: Particle אֵת + noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your people”; Notes: Direct object of the plea for salvation.
- אֵת (ʾet) – Root: את; Form: Particle; Translation: “(marker of definite direct object)”; Notes: Precedes שְׁאֵרִית in the phrase.
- שְׁאֵרִית (sheʾerit) – Root: שׁאר; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “remnant”; Notes: Survivors preserved by divine mercy.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The covenant people of God.