Ezekiel 27:17

יְהוּדָה֙ וְאֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּחִטֵּ֣י מִ֠נִּית וּפַנַּ֨ג וּדְבַ֤שׁ וָשֶׁ֨מֶן֙ וָצֹ֔רִי נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃

Yehuda and the land of Yisraʾel, they were your merchants; with wheat of Minnit, and pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm they gave your merchandise.

Morphology

1. יְהוּדָה (Yehudah) – Root: יהד (Yehudah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the kingdom of Judah, noted for agricultural exports.
2. וְאֶרֶץ (ve-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the land of”; Notes: Links Yehudah with the broader land of Yisraʾel.
3. יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Denotes the northern kingdom, symbolizing Israel’s unity through trade.
4. הֵמָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Refers to Yehudah and Yisraʾel collectively as trading partners of Tyre.
5. רֹכְלָיִךְ (rokhlayikh) – Root: רכל (rakhal); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “your merchants”; Notes: Depicts Yehudah and Yisraʾel as active traders with Tyre.
6. בְּחִטֵּי (be-ḥittey) – Root: חטה (ḥittah); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “with wheat of”; Notes: Indicates one of Yehudah’s chief agricultural products.
7. מִנִּית (Minnit) – Root: מנּית (Minnit); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Minnit”; Notes: Possibly a location in Ammon or Gilead known for quality wheat.
8. וּפַנַּג (u-pannag) – Root: פנּג (pannag); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and pannag”; Notes: Possibly a type of sweet or grain product, uncertain in meaning but valued in trade.
9. וּדְבַשׁ (u-devash) – Root: דבשׁ (devash); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and honey”; Notes: A common export of the land, symbol of abundance.
10. וָשֶׁמֶן (va-shemen) – Root: שׁמן (shemen); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and oil”; Notes: Olive oil was a major product of Yehudah and Yisraʾel, used in food, worship, and trade.
11. וָצֹרִי (va-tzori) – Root: צרי (tzori); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and balm”; Notes: Refers to a fragrant resin or medicinal gum from Gilead, prized in trade.
12. נָתְנוּ (natnu) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they gave”; Notes: Describes the act of contributing or bartering these goods with Tyre.
13. מַעֲרָבֵךְ (maʿaravekh) – Root: ערב (ʿarav); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “your merchandise”; Notes: Denotes the wares or goods involved in Tyre’s trade exchanges.