וְֽיָרְד֞וּ מֵאָנִיֹּֽותֵיהֶ֗ם כֹּ֚ל תֹּפְשֵׂ֣י מָשֹׁ֔וט מַלָּחִ֕ים כֹּ֖ל חֹבְלֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ יַעֲמֹֽדוּ׃
And all who handle the oar, the sailors, all the pilots of the sea shall come down from their ships; they shall stand upon the land.
Morphology
- וְיָרְדוּ (ve-yardu) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they went down”; Notes: Describes descent from ships to land, often indicating submission, mourning, or humility.
- מֵאָנִיֹּותֵיהֶם (meʾoniyyoteihem) – Root: אניה (ʾoniyah); Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine plural construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “from their ships”; Notes: Indicates departure from vessels, highlighting the sailors’ abandonment of their maritime domain.
- כֹּל (kol) – Root: כלל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular (collective); Translation: “all”; Notes: Used collectively to include every individual within the described group.
- תֹּפְשֵׂי (tofsei) – Root: תפשׂ (tafas); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “those who handle” or “those who grasp”; Notes: Refers to active engagement, specifically the handling of oars in navigation.
- מָשֹׁוט (mashot) – Root: משׁט (mashot); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “oar”; Notes: The instrument of rowing, symbolic of maritime labor and direction.
- מַלָּחִים (mallachim) – Root: מלח (malaḥ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “sailors”; Notes: Denotes seamen or mariners, representing those who navigate and maintain ships.
- כֹּל (kol) – Root: כלל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular (collective); Translation: “all”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis, encompassing the totality of another group—pilots of the sea.
- חֹבְלֵי (ḥovlei) – Root: חבל (ḥaval); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “pilots of”; Notes: Refers to navigators or helmsmen responsible for steering and directing ships.
- הַיָּם (ha-yam) – Root: ים (yam); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the sea”; Notes: Represents the maritime realm in which Tyre’s people operated.
- אֶל־הָאָרֶץ (ʾel-ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition אֶל + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “to the land”; Notes: Indicates direction or movement toward the shore, contrasting their usual position at sea.
- יַעֲמֹדוּ (yaʿamodu) – Root: עמד (ʿamad); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall stand”; Notes: Implies pausing, perhaps in mourning or astonishment at Tyre’s downfall.