וְאַתָּ֣ה תֶחֱזֶ֣ה מִכָּל־֠הָעָם אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֜יִל יִרְאֵ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אַנְשֵׁ֥י אֱמֶ֖ת שֹׂ֣נְאֵי בָ֑צַע וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵהֶ֗ם שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵאֹ֔ות שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת׃
And you shall select from all the people men of ability, who fear God, men of truth, hating unjust gain, and you shall appoint them as leaders of thousands, leaders of hundreds, leaders of fifties, and leaders of tens.
Morphology
- וְאַתָּ֣ה (ve’attah) – Root: אתה (ʾ-t-h); Form: Conjunction + Pronoun, 2ms; Translation: “And you”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject’s role in the action.
- תֶחֱזֶ֣ה (teḥezeh) – Root: חזה (ḥ-z-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You shall select”; Notes: Implies careful observation and selection.
- מִכָּל־֠הָעָם (mikkol-haʿam) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct with definite article; Translation: “From all the people”; Notes: Specifies the scope of selection.
- אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֜יִל (anshei-ḥayil) – Root: אנש (ʾ-n-sh) + חיל (ḥ-y-l); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Men of ability”; Notes: Refers to capable and competent individuals.
- יִרְאֵ֧י (yireʾei) – Root: ירא (y-r-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Who fear”; Notes: Describes reverence for God.
- אֱלֹהִ֛ים (ʾelohim) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Indicates the divine authority to be respected.
- אַנְשֵׁ֥י אֱמֶ֖ת (anshei-emet) – Root: אנש (ʾ-n-sh) + אמת (ʾ-m-t); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Men of truth”; Notes: Refers to individuals of integrity and honesty.
- שֹׂ֣נְאֵי (soneʾei) – Root: שנא (s-n-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Hating”; Notes: Indicates a strong aversion.
- בָ֑צַע (batsaʿ) – Root: בצע (b-ṣ-ʿ); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Unjust gain”; Notes: Refers to dishonest profit or corruption.
- וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ (vesamta) – Root: שׂים (ś-y-m); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “And you shall appoint”; Notes: Indicates assigning a position or role.
- עֲלֵהֶ֗ם (ʿalehem) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Pronoun, 3mp; Translation: “Over them”; Notes: Specifies leadership over the people.
- שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ (sarei-alafim) – Root: שר (ś-r) + אלף (ʾ-l-p); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Leaders of thousands”; Notes: Indicates a hierarchical structure of leadership.
- שָׂרֵ֣י מֵאֹ֔ות (sarei-meʾot) – Root: שר (ś-r) + מאה (m-ʾ-h); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Leaders of hundreds”; Notes: Intermediate level of leadership.
- שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים (sarei-ḥamishim) – Root: שר (ś-r) + חמש (ḥ-m-sh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Leaders of fifties”; Notes: Lower-tier leadership.
- וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת (vesarei-ʿasarot) – Root: שר (ś-r) + עשר (ʿ-s-r); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “And leaders of tens”; Notes: The smallest administrative units.