וַיַּעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֨ן הַחַרְטֻמִּ֧ים בְּלָטֵיהֶ֛ם לְהֹוצִ֥יא אֶת־הַכִּנִּ֖ים וְלֹ֣א יָכֹ֑לוּ וַתְּהִי֙ הַכִּנָּ֔ם בָּאָדָ֖ם וּבַבְּהֵמָֽה׃
And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth gnats, but they could not; and the gnats were on man and beast.
Morphology
- וַיַּעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֨ן (vayyaʿasu-khen) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they did so”; Notes: Refers to the magicians attempting to replicate the sign.
- הַחַרְטֻמִּ֧ים (ha-ḥartummim) – Root: חרטם (ḥ-r-t-m); Form: Noun, mp with definite article; Translation: “The magicians”; Notes: Refers to the magicians of Egypt.
- בְּלָטֵיהֶ֛ם (be-lateihem) – Root: לט (l-t); Form: Noun, mp construct with 3mp suffix and preposition; Translation: “With their enchantments”; Notes: Refers to their magical arts.
- לְהֹוצִ֥יא (le-hotsi) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Verb, Hiphil, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “To bring forth”; Notes: Describes their attempt to produce gnats.
- אֶת־הַכִּנִּ֖ים (et-ha-kinnim) – Root: כנה (k-n-n); Form: Direct object marker + noun, fp with definite article; Translation: “The gnats”; Notes: Refers to the pest they tried to replicate.
- וְלֹ֣א יָכֹ֑לוּ (ve-lo yakholu) – Root: יכול (y-k-l); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3mp with conjunction; Translation: “But they could not”; Notes: Indicates their failure.
- וַתְּהִי֙ (vattihi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3fs with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Indicates the resulting state.
- הַכִּנָּ֔ם (ha-kinnam) – Root: כנה (k-n-n); Form: Noun, fs with definite article; Translation: “The gnats”; Notes: Refers to the infestation.
- בָּאָדָ֖ם (ba-adam) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “On man”; Notes: Indicates the affected humans.
- וּבַבְּהֵמָֽה (u-va-behema) – Root: בהמה (b-h-m-h); Form: Noun, fs with conjunction and preposition; Translation: “And on beast”; Notes: Indicates the affected animals.