Isaiah 3:26

וְאָנ֥וּ וְאָבְל֖וּ פְּתָחֶ֑יהָ וְנִקָּ֖תָה לָאָ֥רֶץ תֵּשֵֽׁב׃

And her gates shall lament and mourn, and she shall sit desolate upon the ground.

Morphology

1. וְאָנ֥וּ (ve-anu) – Root: אנה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall lament”; Notes: Refers to loud wailing, typically in mourning.
2. וְאָבְלוּ (ve-avlu) – Root: אבל; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall mourn”; Notes: Parallel to lamentation, expressing public grief.
3. פְּתָחֶיהָ (petakheha) – Root: פתח; Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her gates”; Notes: Symbolic of the city’s entryways—personified as mourners.
4. וְנִקָּתָה (ve-nikkatah) – Root: נקי (or נקה); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and she shall be emptied” or “desolated”; Notes: Refers to utter abandonment or cleansing by removal.
5. לָאָרֶץ (la-aretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “to the ground”; Notes: Indicates posture of mourning or humiliation.
6. תֵּשֵׁב (teshev) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “she shall sit”; Notes: Implies mourning posture, often sitting in grief or ruin.