Jeremiah 5:23

וְלָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ הָיָ֔ה לֵ֖ב סֹורֵ֣ר וּמֹורֶ֑ה סָ֖רוּ וַיֵּלֵֽכוּ׃

‘And to this people there was a heart stubborn and rebellious; they have turned aside and they have gone.

Morphology

1. וְלָעָם (ve-laʿam) – Root: עם; Form: Conjunction + preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and to the people”; Notes: Marks the recipient or possessor of what follows.
2. הַזֶּה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה; Form: Definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the particular people addressed.
3. הָיָה (hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “there was”; Notes: Describes the state of the people.
4. לֵב (lev) – Root: לב; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a heart”; Notes: Represents inner disposition, will, or understanding.
5. סֹורֵר (sorer) – Root: סרר; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “stubborn”; Notes: Describes obstinate defiance against authority.
6. וּמֹורֶה (u-moreh) – Root: מרה; Form: Conjunction + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “and rebellious”; Notes: Indicates active resistance or provocation.
7. סָרוּ (saru) – Root: סור; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have turned aside”; Notes: Often used metaphorically for apostasy.
8. וַיֵּלֵכוּ (va-yeleku) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they went”; Notes: Continues the narrative action of rebellion and departure.