Joshua 10:40

וַיַּכֶּ֣ה יְהֹושֻׁ֣עַ אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֡רֶץ הָהָר֩ וְהַנֶּ֨גֶב וְהַשְּׁפֵלָ֜ה וְהָאֲשֵׁדֹ֗ות וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֔ם לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־הַנְּשָׁמָה֙ הֶחֱרִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ה יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

And Yehoshua struck all the land—the hill country, the Negev, the lowlands, and the slopes—and all their kings; he left no survivor, and every soul he utterly destroyed, as YHWH, the God of Yisraʾel, had commanded.

Morphology

1. וַיַּכֶּ֣ה (vayyakkeh) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he struck”.
2. יְהֹושֻׁ֣עַ (Yehoshua) – Proper noun: Refers to Yehoshua (Joshua).
3. אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֡רֶץ (et kol-ha’aretz) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Definite direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “all the land”.
4. הָהָר֩ (haḥar) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the hill country”.
5. וְהַנֶּ֨גֶב (ve-hannegev) – Root: נגב (negev); Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “and the Negev”.
6. וְהַשְּׁפֵלָ֜ה (ve-hashfela) – Root: שפלה (shefela); Form: Conjunction + noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “and the lowlands”.
7. וְהָאֲשֵׁדֹ֗ות (ve-ha’ashedot) – Root: אשד (ashed); Form: Conjunction + noun, feminine plural definite; Translation: “and the slopes”.
8. וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֔ם (ve-et kol-malkehem) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Conjunction + definite direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and all their kings”.
9. לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד (lo hish’ir sarid) – Root: שאר (sha’ar); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he left no survivor”.
10. וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־הַנְּשָׁמָה֙ (ve-et kol-haneshama) – Root: נשמה (neshama); Form: Conjunction + definite direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “and every soul”.
11. הֶחֱרִ֔ים (heḥerim) – Root: חרם (ḥaram); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he utterly destroyed”.
12. כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ה (ka’asher tsiwwah) – Root: צוה (tsawah); Form: Simile clause + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “as he had commanded”.
13. יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Proper noun: The Tetragrammaton, referring to the God of Yisra’el.
14. אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (Elohei Yisra’el) – Root: אלוה (eloah); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “the God of Yisra’el”.