לִבְנֵ֣י שִׁמְעֹ֔ון תֹּולְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם פְּקֻדָ֗יו בְּמִסְפַּ֤ר שֵׁמֹות֙ לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔ם כָּל־זָכָ֗ר מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא׃
For the sons of Shimʿon: their generations by their families, by their fathers’ houses, according to the number of names, by their skulls, every male from twenty years old and upward, all who could go out to the army.
Morphology
- לִבְנֵ֣י (li-vnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine plural construct noun with preposition; Translation: “For the sons of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Shimʿon.
- שִׁמְעֹ֔ון (Shimʿon) – Root: שמע (sh-m-ʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shimʿon”; Notes: Refers to the second son of Ya’akov, meaning “He has heard.”
- תֹּולְדֹתָ֥ם (toldotam) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their generations”; Notes: Refers to the genealogical records of Shimʿon’s descendants.
- לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם (le-mishpeḥotam) – Root: משפחה (m-sh-p-ḥ); Form: Feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and preposition; Translation: “By their families”; Notes: Refers to organization by family units.
- לְבֵ֣ית (le-veit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Masculine singular construct noun with preposition; Translation: “By the house of”; Notes: Refers to ancestral lineage.
- אֲבֹתָ֑ם (avotam) – Root: אב (‘-v); Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their fathers”; Notes: Refers to their ancestral lineage.
- פְּקֻדָ֗יו (pequdav) – Root: פקד (p-q-d); Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their number”; Notes: Refers to the enumeration of the tribe.
- בְּמִסְפַּ֤ר (be-mispar) – Root: מספר (m-s-p-r); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “According to the number”; Notes: Refers to the census process.
- שֵׁמֹות֙ (shemot) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Masculine plural noun; Translation: “Of names”; Notes: Refers to the names recorded in the census.
- לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔ם (le-gulgelotam) – Root: גלגלת (g-l-g-l-t); Form: Feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and preposition; Translation: “By their skulls”; Notes: Refers to an individual headcount.
- כָּל־זָכָ֗ר (kol-zakhar) – Root: כל (k-l) + זכר (z-kh-r); Form: Construct noun + masculine singular noun; Translation: “Every male”; Notes: Refers to the males eligible for the census.
- מִבֶּ֨ן (mi-ben) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition; Translation: “From the age of”; Notes: Specifies the starting age for the census.
- עֶשְׂרִ֤ים (esrim) – Root: עשר (‘-s-r); Form: Masculine plural cardinal number; Translation: “Twenty”; Notes: Indicates the minimum age of inclusion.
- שָׁנָה֙ (shanah) – Root: שנה (sh-n-h); Form: Feminine singular noun; Translation: “Years”; Notes: Refers to years of age.
- וָמַ֔עְלָה (u-ma’lah) – Root: מעל (m-ʿ-l); Form: Conjunction + noun; Translation: “And upward”; Notes: Includes ages above twenty years.
- כֹּ֖ל (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun; Translation: “All”; Notes: Indicates inclusivity of eligible individuals.
- יֹצֵ֥א (yotse) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Going out”; Notes: Refers to those eligible for military service.
- צָבָֽא׃ (tsava) – Root: צבא (ts-v-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “The army”; Notes: Refers to military forces.