הַנַּעַר֮ בָּא֒ וְדָוִ֗ד קָ֚ם מֵאֵ֣צֶל הַנֶּ֔גֶב וַיִּפֹּ֨ל לְאַפָּ֥יו אַ֛רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ פְּעָמִ֑ים וַֽיִּשְּׁק֣וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֗הוּ וַיִּבְכּוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ עַד־דָּוִ֖ד הִגְדִּֽיל׃
The boy came, and Dawid arose from beside the south, and he fell on his face to the ground and bowed three times. And they kissed each other, and they wept with each other, until Dawid wept greatly.
Morphology
- הַנַּעַר֮ (ha-naʿar) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “The boy”; Notes: Subject of the first clause.
- בָּא֒ (ba) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “came”; Notes: Describes the boy’s arrival.
- וְדָוִ֗ד (ve-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the next action.
- קָ֚ם (qam) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “arose”; Notes: Describes Dawid’s movement.
- מֵאֵ֣צֶל (me-etsel) – Root: אצל (etsel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “from beside”; Notes: Indicates location.
- הַנֶּ֔גֶב (ha-negev) – Root: נגב (negev); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the south”; Notes: Refers to a location.
- וַיִּפֹּ֨ל (vayyipol) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “and he fell”; Notes: Dawid’s action.
- לְאַפָּ֥יו (le-appav) – Root: אף (af); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “on his face”; Notes: Describes Dawid’s position.
- אַ֛רְצָה (artzah) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Adverb; Translation: “to the ground”; Notes: Direction of the fall.
- וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ (vayyištaḥu) – Root: שׁתח (štaḥ); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Hitpael; Translation: “and he bowed”; Notes: A sign of deep respect.
- שָׁלֹ֣שׁ (shalosh) – Root: שלש (shalosh); Form: Cardinal number; Translation: “three”; Notes: Specifies the number of times.
- פְּעָמִ֑ים (peʿamim) – Root: פעם (paʿam); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “times”; Notes: Complements “three.”
- וַֽיִּשְּׁק֣וּ (vayyishkeu) – Root: נשק (nashaq); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural, Qal; Translation: “And they kissed”; Notes: A gesture of deep friendship.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Indicates mutual action.
- אֶת־רֵעֵ֗הוּ (et-reʿehu) – Root: רֵע (reʿa); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his friend”; Notes: Refers to the other person.
- וַיִּבְכּוּ֙ (vayyivku) – Root: בכה (baka); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural, Qal; Translation: “and they wept”; Notes: Expresses intense emotion.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Reinforces the mutual nature.
- אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ (et-reʿehu) – Root: רֵע (reʿa); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his friend”; Notes: Further specifies the subject.
- עַד־דָּוִ֖ד (ʿad-Dawid) – Root: עד (ʿad), דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “until Dawid”; Notes: Introduces the final clause.
- הִגְדִּֽיל׃ (higdil) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular, Hifil; Translation: “wept greatly”; Notes: Describes the intensity of Dawid’s weeping.