וַיִּתְאַנַּ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בִּשְׁלֹמֹ֑ה כִּֽי־נָטָ֣ה לְבָבֹ֗ו מֵעִ֤ם יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַנִּרְאָ֥ה אֵלָ֖יו פַּעֲמָֽיִם׃
And YHWH was angry with Shelomo, because his heart had turned away from YHWH, the God of Yisraʾel, who had appeared to him twice.
Morphology
- וַיִּתְאַנַּ֥ף (va-yitʾannaf) – Root: אנף (ʾ.n.p); Form: Hitpael wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He was angry”; Notes: Reflexive or intensive form; refers to divine anger.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb “was angry.”
- בִּשְׁלֹמֹ֑ה (bi-Shelomoh) – Root: שלם (sh.l.m); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “with Shelomoh”; Notes: Object of the divine anger.
- כִּֽי־נָטָ֣ה (ki-natah) – Root: נטה (n.t.h); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “because he turned”; Notes: Introduces reason for YHWH’s anger.
- לְבָבֹ֗ו (levavo) – Root: לבב (l.v.v); Form: Noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his heart”; Notes: Refers to the seat of devotion and will.
- מֵעִ֤ם (me-ʿim) – Root: עם (ʿ.m); Form: Preposition with prefix mem; Translation: “from with”; Notes: Emphasizes relational separation from YHWH.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repetition reinforces the focus on divine relationship.
- אֱלֹהֵ֣י (ʾelohei) – Root: אלה (ʾ.l.h); Form: Construct plural; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Linked with Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Covenant nation.
- הַנִּרְאָ֥ה (ha-nirʾeh) – Root: ראה (r.ʾ.h); Form: Nifal participle, masculine singular; Translation: “who appeared”; Notes: Passive/reflexive participle referring to divine self-revelation.
- אֵלָ֖יו (elav) – Root: אל (ʾ.l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to Shelomoh.
- פַּעֲמָֽיִם (paʿamayim) – Root: פעם (p.ʿ.m); Form: Dual noun; Translation: “twice”; Notes: Emphasizes the seriousness of Shelomoh’s disobedience despite repeated divine appearances.