וַיֵּצְא֖וּ בַּֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִם וּבֶן־הֲדַד֩ שֹׁתֶ֨ה שִׁכֹּ֜ור בַּסֻּכֹּ֗ות ה֧וּא וְהַמְּלָכִ֛ים שְׁלֹשִֽׁים־וּשְׁנַ֥יִם מֶ֖לֶךְ עֹזֵ֥ר אֹתֹֽו׃
And they went out at noon, and Ben-hadad was drinking himself drunk in the booths, he and the kings, thirty-two kings helping him.
Morphology
- וַיֵּצְאוּ (va-yetseʾu) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they went out”; Notes: Refers to the troops of Yisraʾel moving to battle.
- בַּצָּהֳרָיִם (ba-tsohorayim) – Root: צהרים (tsohorayim); Form: Preposition בְּ with noun dual form; Translation: “at noon”; Notes: Indicates the timing of the sortie.
- וּבֶן־הֲדַד (u-ven-Hadad) – Root: בן (ben) + הדד (Hadad); Form: Conjunction וְ with construct chain; Translation: “and Ben-Hadad”; Notes: Focus shifts to the opposing king.
- שֹׁתֶה (shoteh) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Qal active participle masculine singular; Translation: “was drinking”; Notes: Describes an ongoing action during the battle preparation.
- שִׁכֹּור (shikkor) – Root: שכר (shakar); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “drunk”; Notes: Indicates he was heavily intoxicated.
- בַּסֻּכּוֹת (ba-sukkot) – Root: סכה (sukkah); Form: Preposition בְּ with definite plural noun; Translation: “in the booths”; Notes: Refers to temporary shelters or military pavilions.
- הוּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Emphasizes that Ben-Hadad was personally involved in the drunkenness.
- וְהַמְּלָכִים (ve-ha-melakhim) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Conjunction וְ with definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “and the kings”; Notes: Refers to the allied rulers with Ben-Hadad.
- שְׁלֹשִׁים־וּשְׁנַיִם (sheloshim-u-shenayim) – Root: שלש (shalosh) + שנים (shenayim); Form: Cardinal numbers; Translation: “thirty-two”; Notes: Total number of allied kings.
- מֶלֶךְ (melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “king”; Notes: Repeats the title for each individual.
- עֹזֵר (ozer) – Root: עזר (ʿazar); Form: Qal active participle masculine singular; Translation: “helping”; Notes: Describes their supportive role in Ben-Hadad’s campaign.
- אֹתוֹ (oto) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers back to Ben-Hadad as the one being helped.