ק֣וּם רֵ֗ד לִקְרַ֛את אַחְאָ֥ב מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּשֹׁמְרֹ֑ון הִנֵּה֙ בְּכֶ֣רֶם נָבֹ֔ות אֲשֶׁר־יָ֥רַד שָׁ֖ם לְרִשְׁתֹּֽו׃
“Arise, go down to meet Aḥav king of Yisraʾel, who is in Shomeron; behold, he is in the vineyard of Navot, where he has gone down to take possession of it.
Morphology
- קוּם (qum) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Arise”; Notes: Direct command to Eliyahu to begin his mission.
- רֵד (red) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “go down”; Notes: Emphasizes movement to a lower place, both geographically and symbolically.
- לִקְרַאת (likrat) – Root: קרא (qaraʾ); Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “to meet”; Notes: Indicates purpose: to confront or encounter Aḥav.
- אַחְאָב (Aḥav) – Root: אחאב (Aḥav); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Aḥav”; Notes: King of Yisraʾel, subject of the prophetic confrontation.
- מֶלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל (melekh-Yisraʾel) – Root: מלך (melekh), ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Construct chain: noun masculine singular + proper noun; Translation: “king of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Title emphasizing his political authority.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause describing Aḥav’s location.
- בְּשֹׁמְרֹון (be-Shomron) – Root: שמרון (Shomron); Form: Preposition בְּ + proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “in Shomron”; Notes: Capital city of the northern kingdom of Yisraʾel.
- הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “behold”; Notes: Dramatic marker drawing attention to the immediate situation.
- בְּכֶרֶם (be-kerem) – Root: כרם (kerem); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the vineyard”; Notes: Location where Aḥav is found.
- נָבֹות (Navot) – Root: נבות (Navot); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Navot”; Notes: The murdered owner of the vineyard.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “where”; Notes: Relates the place to Aḥav’s action.
- יָרַד (yarad) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has gone down”; Notes: Completed action emphasizing Aḥav’s arrival at the vineyard.
- שָׁם (sham) – Root: שם (sham); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Points specifically to the vineyard location.
- לְרִשְׁתּוֹ (le-rishto) – Root: ירשׁ (yarash); Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to take possession of it”; Notes: Expresses Aḥav’s intent regarding Navot’s vineyard.