וַיֵּצֵ֣א הָר֗וּחַ וַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֲנִ֣י אֲפַתֶּ֑נּוּ וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יְהוָ֛ה אֵלָ֖יו בַּמָּֽה׃
And the spirit went out and stood before YHWH, and said, ‘I will entice him.’ And YHWH said to him, ‘By what?’
Morphology
- וַיֵּצֵא (va-yetse) – Root: יצא (yatza); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he went out”; Notes: Refers to the ruaḥ (spirit) departing from the council to act.
- הָרוּחַ (ha-ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the spirit”; Notes: May refer to a spiritual being or personified influence.
- וַיַּעֲמֹד (va-yaʿamod) – Root: עמד (ʿamad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and stood”; Notes: Position of service or offering oneself.
- לִפְנֵי (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition + construct noun masculine plural; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates presence before a superior—YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.
- וַיֹּאמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: The spirit offers a proposal.
- אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: אני (ʾani); Form: Pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes the spirit’s initiative.
- אֲפַתֶּנּוּ (ʾafatennu) – Root: פתה (patah); Form: Piel imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I will entice him”; Notes: Determined intent to deceive or lead astray.
- וַיֹּאמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: YHWH responds to the spirit’s offer.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis; divine speaker confirmed.
- אֵלָיו (elav) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to the spirit addressed by YHWH.
- בַּמָּה (ba-mah) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Preposition בְּ + interrogative pronoun; Translation: “By what?” or “How?”; Notes: Invites explanation of the proposed method.