וְעַתָּ֗ה הִנֵּ֨ה נָתַ֤ן יְהוָה֙ ר֣וּחַ שֶׁ֔קֶר בְּפִ֖י כָּל־נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ אֵ֑לֶּה וַֽיהוָ֔ה דִּבֶּ֥ר עָלֶ֖יךָ רָעָֽה׃
And now, behold, YHWH has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these your prophets, and YHWH has spoken evil concerning you.”
Morphology
- וְעַתָּה (ve-ʿattah) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Marks transition to the conclusion or implication of the vision.
- הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Demonstrative particle; Translation: “behold”; Notes: Introduces a dramatic or emphatic announcement.
- נָתַן (natan) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has put”; Notes: Refers to a completed divine action.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of both actions in the verse.
- רוּחַ שֶׁקֶר (ruaḥ sheqer) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ), שׁקר (sheqer); Form: Construct chain of feminine noun + masculine noun; Translation: “a lying spirit”; Notes: Refers to the deceiving influence allowed by YHWH.
- בְּפִי (be-fi) – Root: פה (peh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “in the mouth of”; Notes: Instrumental location of the deceptive message.
- כָּל־נְבִיאֶיךָ (kol-neviʾekha) – Root: כל (kol), נבא (naviʾ); Form: Noun construct + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “all your prophets”; Notes: Refers to Aḥav’s court prophets under false influence.
- אֵלֶּה (ʾelleh) – Root: אלה (ʾelleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Reinforces identification of specific prophets.
- וַיהוָה (va-YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and YHWH”; Notes: Introduces a second divine action.
- דִּבֶּר (dibber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has spoken”; Notes: Formal decree language, indicating divine judgment.
- עָלֶיךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “concerning you”; Notes: Addressed directly to Aḥav.
- רָעָה (raʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Refers to impending disaster, likely his death in battle.