וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֣ם לְבָנֹ֗ונָה עֲשֶׂ֨רֶת אֲלָפִ֤ים בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ חֲלִיפֹ֔ות חֹ֚דֶשׁ יִהְי֣וּ בַלְּבָנֹ֔ון שְׁנַ֥יִם חֳדָשִׁ֖ים בְּבֵיתֹ֑ו וַאֲדֹנִירָ֖ם עַל־הַמַּֽס׃ ס
And he sent them to the Levanon, ten thousand per month, in shifts: a month they would be in the Levanon, two months in his house. And Adoniram was over the levy.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֣ם (va-yishlaḥem) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect), Qal, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “And he sent them”; Notes: Refers to King Shelomoh dispatching workers.
- לְבָנֹ֗ונָה (le-Vanonah) – Root: לבן (lavan); Form: Preposition + proper noun with directional suffix; Translation: “to the Levanon”; Notes: Indicates motion toward the Levanon mountains.
- עֲשֶׂ֨רֶת (ʿaséret) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Numeral, masculine construct; Translation: “ten (of)”; Notes: Construct form governing “thousands”.
- אֲלָפִ֤ים (ʾalafim) – Root: אלף (ʾelef); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “thousands”; Notes: Refers to the number of men per shift.
- בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ (ba-ḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥodesh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “per month”; Notes: Indicates monthly rotation.
- חֲלִיפֹ֔ות (ḥalifot) – Root: חלף (ḥalaf); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “shifts” / “rotations”; Notes: Indicates alternating groups or duty cycles.
- חֹ֚דֶשׁ (ḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥodesh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a month”; Notes: Specifies duration of each shift in Levanon.
- יִהְי֣וּ (yihyu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they would be”; Notes: Indicates a habitual or repetitive action.
- בַלְּבָנֹ֔ון (ba-Levanon) – Root: לבן (lavan); Form: Preposition + definite proper noun; Translation: “in the Levanon”; Notes: Location of labor for one month.
- שְׁנַ֥יִם (shenayim) – Root: שנים (shenayim); Form: Numeral masculine dual; Translation: “two”; Notes: Specifies a dual period of rest.
- חֳדָשִׁ֖ים (ḥodashim) – Root: חדש (ḥodesh); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “months”; Notes: Completes the dual time phrase—two months off.
- בְּבֵיתֹ֑ו (be-veito) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his house”; Notes: Refers to rest period spent at home.
- וַאֲדֹנִירָ֖ם (va-Adoniram) – Root: אדון (adon) + רם (ram); Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and Adoniram”; Notes: Named overseer of the levy.
- עַל־הַמַּֽס (ʿal-ha-mas) – Root: מס (mas); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “over the levy”; Notes: Indicates authority or administration of forced labor.