וַיְהִ֣י בִשְׁמֹונִ֣ים שָׁנָ֣ה וְאַרְבַּ֣ע מֵאֹ֣ות שָׁנָ֡ה לְצֵ֣את בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מֵאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֩ בַּשָּׁנָ֨ה הָרְבִיעִ֜ית בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ זִ֗ו ה֚וּא הַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י לִמְלֹ֥ךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּ֥בֶן הַבַּ֖יִת לַיהוָֽה׃
And it came to be, in eighty years and four hundred years after the going out of the sons of Yisraʾel from the land of Mitsrayim, in the fourth year, in the month of Ziv—it is the second month—of the reigning of Shelomo over Yisraʾel, that he built the house for YHWH.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֣י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (past narrative) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to be”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- בִשְׁמֹונִ֣ים (bishmonim) – Root: שׁמנים (shemoneem); Form: Preposition + numeral; Translation: “in eighty”; Notes: Marks part of a time expression.
- שָׁנָ֣ה (shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Unit of time.
- וְאַרְבַּ֣ע (ve-arbaʿ) – Root: ארבע (arbaʿ); Form: Conjunction + numeral, feminine; Translation: “and four”; Notes: Joined to hundred for full number.
- מֵאֹ֣ות (meʾot) – Root: מאה (meʾah); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct; Translation: “hundreds of”; Notes: Part of a compound numeral.
- שָׁנָ֡ה (shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Repeats for clarity in compound number.
- לְצֵ֣את (letset) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “after the going out”; Notes: Introduces the event that marks the date.
- בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל (bene-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Construct plural + proper noun; Translation: “sons of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- מֵאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֩ (meʾerets-Mitsrayim) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets), מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Preposition + noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “from the land of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Describes origin of exodus.
- בַּשָּׁנָ֨ה (bashanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Preposition + definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “in the year”; Notes: Definite article marks specific year.
- הָרְבִיעִ֜ית (harviʿit) – Root: רבע (ravaʿ); Form: Definite ordinal numeral, feminine singular; Translation: “the fourth”; Notes: Specifies the year of the reign.
- בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ (beḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥodesh); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “in the month”; Notes: Time designation.
- זִ֗ו (Ziv) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Name of a month; Translation: “Ziv”; Notes: The second month in the ancient Hebrew calendar.
- ה֚וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Independent pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “it is”; Notes: Equative statement.
- הַחֹ֣דֶשׁ (haḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥodesh); Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the month”; Notes: Refers back to Ziv.
- הַשֵּׁנִ֔י (hasheni) – Root: שני (sheni); Form: Definite ordinal numeral, masculine singular; Translation: “the second”; Notes: Clarifies Ziv is the second month.
- לִמְלֹ֥ךְ (limlokh) – Root: מלך (malakh); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “of reigning”; Notes: Describes the reign period.
- שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה (Shelomoh) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Shelomoh”; Notes: Refers to King Solomon.
- עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (ʿal-Yisraʾel) – Root: על (ʿal), ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “over Yisraʾel”; Notes: Indicates rulership.
- וַיִּ֥בֶן (vayyiven) – Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (past narrative) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he built”; Notes: Main verb of the sentence.
- הַבַּ֖יִת (habbayit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the house”; Notes: Refers to the Temple.
- לַיהוָֽה (la-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “for YHWH”; Notes: Indicates the Temple was built for YHWH.