כִּ֣י חַי־יְהוָ֗ה הַמֹּושִׁ֨יעַ֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֧י אִם־יֶשְׁנֹ֛ו בְּיֹונָתָ֥ן בְּנִ֖י כִּ֣י מֹ֣ות יָמ֑וּת וְאֵ֥ין עֹנֵ֖הוּ מִכָּל־הָעָֽם׃
For as YHWH lives, who saves Yisraʾel, surely, if it is in Yonatan my son, he shall surely die.” But none of the people answered him.
Morphology
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a statement of certainty.
- חַי־יְהוָ֗ה (ḥai-YHWH) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Adjective with divine name; Translation: “as YHWH lives”; Notes: Oath formula.
- הַמֹּושִׁ֨יעַ֙ (hammoshiaʿ) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Hifil participle, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “who saves”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s action.
- אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (ʾet-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular, with direct object marker; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Object of divine salvation.
- כִּ֧י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “surely”; Notes: Strengthens the conditional statement.
- אִם־יֶשְׁנֹ֛ו (ʾim-yeshno) – Root: יש (yesh); Form: Existential particle with pronominal suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “if it is”; Notes: Hypothetical condition.
- בְּיֹונָתָ֥ן (beyonatan) – Root: יונתן (Yonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular, with preposition; Translation: “in Yonatan”; Notes: Refers to Shaʾul’s son.
- בְּנִ֖י (beni) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun, masculine singular, with pronominal suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “my son”; Notes: Possessive relation.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “he shall surely”; Notes: Introduces a strong assertion.
- מֹ֣ות (mot) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Infinitive absolute; Translation: “surely”; Notes: Emphasizes certainty of the following verb.
- יָמ֑וּת (yamuth) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall die”; Notes: Follows infinitive absolute for emphasis.
- וְאֵ֥ין (veʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “but none”; Notes: Introduces negation.
- עֹנֵ֖הוּ (ʿonehu) – Root: ענה (ʿanah); Form: Qal participle, masculine singular, with pronominal suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “answered him”; Notes: Describes lack of response.
- מִכָּל־הָעָֽם (mikkol-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “from all the people”; Notes: Specifies the group that remained silent.